mirror of
https://gitee.com/dotnetchina/MiniExcel.git
synced 2024-12-02 11:57:45 +08:00
9.2 KiB
9.2 KiB
簡介
MiniExcel 簡單、高效避免OOM的.NET處理Excel工具。
目前主流框架大多需要將資料全載入到記憶體方便操作,但這會導致記憶體消耗問題,MiniExcel 嘗試以 Stream 角度寫底層算法邏輯,能讓原本1000多MB占用降低到幾MB,避免記憶體不夠情況。
特點
- 低記憶體耗用,避免OOM(out of memoery)
- 支持
即時
操作每行資料 - 兼具搭配 LINQ 延遲查詢特性,能辦到低消耗、快速分頁等複雜查詢
圖片:與主流框架對比的消耗、效率差
- 輕量,不依賴任何套件,DLL小於100KB
- 簡便操作的 Dapper API 風格
安裝
請查看 from NuGet
更新日誌
請查看 Release Notes
TODO
請查看 Project · todo
性能測試
以 Test1,000,000x10.xlsx 做基準做性能測試,總共 1千萬筆 "HelloWorld",檔案大小 23 MB
Benchmarks 邏輯可以在 MiniExcel.Benchmarks 查看或是提交 PR,運行指令
dotnet run -p .\benchmarks\MiniExcel.Benchmarks\ -c Release -f netcoreapp3.1 -- -f * --join
最後一次運行結果 :
BenchmarkDotNet=v0.12.1, OS=Windows 10.0.19042
Intel Core i7-7700 CPU 3.60GHz (Kaby Lake), 1 CPU, 8 logical and 4 physical cores
[Host] : .NET Framework 4.8 (4.8.4341.0), X64 RyuJIT
Job-ZYYABG : .NET Framework 4.8 (4.8.4341.0), X64 RyuJIT
IterationCount=3 LaunchCount=3 WarmupCount=3
框架 | 記憶體耗用 | 方法 | 平均 | 誤差 | 標準偏差 | Gen 0 | Gen 1 | Gen 2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MiniExcel | 299.71 KB | QueryFirst | 564.4 μs | 36.35 μs | 21.63 μs | 72.2656 | 17.5781 | - |
ExcelDataReader | 2629975.14 KB | QueryFirst | 12,455,316.6 μs | 266,606.83 μs | 158,653.45 μs | 642000.0000 | 1000.0000 | - |
Epplus | 6258769.32 KB | QueryFirst | 23,369,553.1 μs | 2,909,345.17 μs | 1,731,304.64 μs | 1081000.0000 | 273000.0000 | 13000.0000 |
ClosedXml | 12650295.38 KB | QueryFirst | 60,567,701.6 μs | 3,905,377.40 μs | 2,324,027.45 μs | 2036000.0000 | 708000.0000 | 10000.0000 |
Query 查詢 Excel 返回強型別
IEnumerable 資料 [Try it]
推薦使用 Stream.Query 效率會相對較好。
public class UserAccount
{
public Guid ID { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public DateTime BoD { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
public bool VIP { get; set; }
public decimal Points { get; set; }
}
var rows = MiniExcel.Query<UserAccount>(path);
// or
using (var stream = File.OpenRead(path))
var rows = stream.Query<UserAccount>();
Query 查詢 Excel 返回Dynamic
IEnumerable 資料 [Try it]
- Key 系統預設為
A,B,C,D...Z
MiniExcel | 1 |
---|---|
Github | 2 |
var rows = MiniExcel.Query(path).ToList();
// or
using (var stream = File.OpenRead(path))
{
var rows = stream.Query().ToList();
Assert.Equal("MiniExcel", rows[0].A);
Assert.Equal(1, rows[0].B);
Assert.Equal("Github", rows[1].A);
Assert.Equal(2, rows[1].B);
}
查詢資料以第一行數據當Key [Try it]
note : 同名以右邊數據為準
Input Excel :
Column1 | Column2 |
---|---|
MiniExcel | 1 |
Github | 2 |
var rows = MiniExcel.Query(useHeaderRow:true).ToList();
// or
using (var stream = File.OpenRead(path))
{
var rows = stream.Query(useHeaderRow:true).ToList();
Assert.Equal("MiniExcel", rows[0].Column1);
Assert.Equal(1, rows[0].Column2);
Assert.Equal("Github", rows[1].Column1);
Assert.Equal(2, rows[1].Column2);
}
Query 查詢支援延遲加載(Deferred Execution),能配合LINQ First/Take/Skip辦到低消耗、高效率複雜查詢
Query First
var row = MiniExcel.Query(path).First();
Assert.Equal("HelloWorld", row.A);
// or
using (var stream = File.OpenRead(path))
{
var row = stream.Query().First();
Assert.Equal("HelloWorld", row.A);
}
建立 Excel 檔案 [Try it]
- 必須是 non-abstract 類別有公開建構式
- MiniExcel SaveAs 支援
IEnumerable參數``延遲查詢
,除非必要請不要使用 ToList 等方法讀取全部資料到記憶體,請看圖片了解差異
Anonymous or strongly type:
var path = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), $"{Guid.NewGuid()}.xlsx");
MiniExcel.SaveAs(path, new[] {
new { Column1 = "MiniExcel", Column2 = 1 },
new { Column1 = "Github", Column2 = 2}
});
Datatable:
var path = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), $"{Guid.NewGuid()}.xlsx");
var table = new DataTable();
{
table.Columns.Add("Column1", typeof(string));
table.Columns.Add("Column2", typeof(decimal));
table.Rows.Add("MiniExcel", 1);
table.Rows.Add("Github", 2);
}
MiniExcel.SaveAs(path, table);
Dapper:
using (var connection = GetConnection(connectionString))
{
var rows = connection.Query(@"select 'MiniExcel' as Column1,1 as Column2 union all select 'Github',2");
MiniExcel.SaveAs(path, rows);
}
IEnumerable<IDictionary<string, object>>
var values = new List<Dictionary<string, object>>()
{
new Dictionary<string,object>{{ "Column1", "MiniExcel" }, { "Column2", 1 } },
new Dictionary<string,object>{{ "Column1", "Github" }, { "Column2", 2 } }
};
MiniExcel.SaveAs(path, values);
output :
Column1 | Column2 |
---|---|
MiniExcel | 1 |
Github | 2 |
SaveAs 支援 Stream [Try it]
using (var stream = File.Create(path))
{
stream.SaveAs(values);
}
例子 : SQLite & Dapper 讀取大數據新增到資料庫
note : 請不要呼叫 call ToList/ToArray 等方法,這會將所有資料讀到記憶體內
using (var connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
{
connection.Open();
using (var transaction = connection.BeginTransaction())
using (var stream = File.OpenRead(path))
{
var rows = stream.Query();
foreach (var row in rows)
connection.Execute("insert into T (A,B) values (@A,@B)", new { row.A, row.B }, transaction: transaction);
transaction.Commit();
}
}
例子 : ASP.NET Core 3.1 or MVC 5 下載 Excel Xlsx API Demo
public class ExcelController : Controller
{
public IActionResult Download()
{
var values = new[] {
new { Column1 = "MiniExcel", Column2 = 1 },
new { Column1 = "Github", Column2 = 2}
};
var stream = new MemoryStream();
stream.SaveAs(values);
return File(stream,
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
"demo.xlsx");
}
}
Excel 類別自動判斷
MiniExcel 預設會根據擴展名或是 Stream 類別判斷是 xlsx 還是 csv,但會有失準時候,請自行指定。
stream.SaveAs(excelType:ExcelType.CSV);
//or
stream.SaveAs(excelType:ExcelType.XLSX);
//or
stream.Query(excelType:ExcelType.CSV);
//or
stream.Query(excelType:ExcelType.XLSX);
侷限與警告
- 目前不支援 xls 或是加密檔案。
參考
- 讀取邏輯 : ExcelDataReader
- API 設計方式 : StackExchange/Dapper