MiniExcel/README.zh-tw.md
2021-03-30 10:17:48 +08:00

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NuGet Build status .NET Framework .NET Standard .NET


English / 繁體中文


簡介

MiniExcel 簡單、高效避免OOM的.NET處理Excel工具。

目前主流框架大多需要將資料全載入到記憶體方便操作但這會導致記憶體消耗問題MiniExcel 嘗試以 Stream 角度寫底層算法邏輯能讓原本1000多MB占用降低到幾MB避免記憶體不夠情況。

特點

  • 低記憶體耗用避免OOM(out of memoery)
  • 支持即時操作每行資料 miniexcel_lazy_load
  • 兼具搭配 LINQ 延遲查詢特性,能辦到低消耗、快速分頁等複雜查詢 圖片:與主流框架對比的消耗、效率差
    queryfirst
  • 輕量不依賴任何套件DLL小於100KB
  • 簡便操作的 Dapper API 風格

安裝

請查看 from NuGet

更新日誌

請查看 Release Notes

TODO

請查看 Project · todo

性能測試

Test1,000,000x10.xlsx 做基準做性能測試,總共 1千萬筆 "HelloWorld",檔案大小 23 MB

Benchmarks 邏輯可以在 MiniExcel.Benchmarks 查看或是提交 PR運行指令

dotnet run -p .\benchmarks\MiniExcel.Benchmarks\ -c Release -f netcoreapp3.1 -- -f * --join

最後一次運行結果 :

BenchmarkDotNet=v0.12.1, OS=Windows 10.0.19042
Intel Core i7-7700 CPU 3.60GHz (Kaby Lake), 1 CPU, 8 logical and 4 physical cores
  [Host]     : .NET Framework 4.8 (4.8.4341.0), X64 RyuJIT
  Job-ZYYABG : .NET Framework 4.8 (4.8.4341.0), X64 RyuJIT
IterationCount=3  LaunchCount=3  WarmupCount=3  
框架 記憶體耗用 方法 平均 誤差 標準偏差 Gen 0 Gen 1 Gen 2
MiniExcel 299.71 KB QueryFirst 564.4 μs 36.35 μs 21.63 μs 72.2656 17.5781 -
ExcelDataReader 2629975.14 KB QueryFirst 12,455,316.6 μs 266,606.83 μs 158,653.45 μs 642000.0000 1000.0000 -
Epplus 6258769.32 KB QueryFirst 23,369,553.1 μs 2,909,345.17 μs 1,731,304.64 μs 1081000.0000 273000.0000 13000.0000
ClosedXml 12650295.38 KB QueryFirst 60,567,701.6 μs 3,905,377.40 μs 2,324,027.45 μs 2036000.0000 708000.0000 10000.0000

Query 查詢 Excel 返回強型別 IEnumerable 資料 [Try it]

推薦使用 Stream.Query 效率會相對較好。

public class UserAccount
{
    public Guid ID { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public DateTime BoD { get; set; }
    public int Age { get; set; }
    public bool VIP { get; set; }
    public decimal Points { get; set; }
}

var rows = MiniExcel.Query<UserAccount>(path);

// or

using (var stream = File.OpenRead(path))
    var rows = stream.Query<UserAccount>();

image

Query 查詢 Excel 返回Dynamic IEnumerable 資料 [Try it]

  • Key 系統預設為 A,B,C,D...Z
MiniExcel 1
Github 2

var rows = MiniExcel.Query(path).ToList();

// or 
using (var stream = File.OpenRead(path))
{
    var rows = stream.Query().ToList();
                
    Assert.Equal("MiniExcel", rows[0].A);
    Assert.Equal(1, rows[0].B);
    Assert.Equal("Github", rows[1].A);
    Assert.Equal(2, rows[1].B);
}

查詢資料以第一行數據當Key [Try it]

note : 同名以右邊數據為準

Input Excel :

Column1 Column2
MiniExcel 1
Github 2

var rows = MiniExcel.Query(useHeaderRow:true).ToList();

// or

using (var stream = File.OpenRead(path))
{
    var rows = stream.Query(useHeaderRow:true).ToList();

    Assert.Equal("MiniExcel", rows[0].Column1);
    Assert.Equal(1, rows[0].Column2);
    Assert.Equal("Github", rows[1].Column1);
    Assert.Equal(2, rows[1].Column2);
}

Query 查詢支援延遲加載(Deferred Execution)能配合LINQ First/Take/Skip辦到低消耗、高效率複雜查詢

Query First

var row = MiniExcel.Query(path).First();
Assert.Equal("HelloWorld", row.A);

// or

using (var stream = File.OpenRead(path))
{
    var row = stream.Query().First();
    Assert.Equal("HelloWorld", row.A);
}

建立 Excel 檔案 [Try it]

  1. 必須是 non-abstract 類別有公開建構式
  2. MiniExcel SaveAs 支援 IEnumerable參數``延遲查詢,除非必要請不要使用 ToList 等方法讀取全部資料到記憶體,請看圖片了解差異

圖片 : 是否呼叫 ToList 的記憶體差別 image

Anonymous or strongly type:

var path = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), $"{Guid.NewGuid()}.xlsx");
MiniExcel.SaveAs(path, new[] {
    new { Column1 = "MiniExcel", Column2 = 1 },
    new { Column1 = "Github", Column2 = 2}
});

Datatable:

var path = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), $"{Guid.NewGuid()}.xlsx");
var table = new DataTable();
{
    table.Columns.Add("Column1", typeof(string));
    table.Columns.Add("Column2", typeof(decimal));
    table.Rows.Add("MiniExcel", 1);
    table.Rows.Add("Github", 2);
}

MiniExcel.SaveAs(path, table);

Dapper:

using (var connection = GetConnection(connectionString))
{
    var rows = connection.Query(@"select 'MiniExcel' as Column1,1 as Column2 union all select 'Github',2");
    MiniExcel.SaveAs(path, rows);
}

IEnumerable<IDictionary<string, object>>

var values = new List<Dictionary<string, object>>()
{
    new Dictionary<string,object>{{ "Column1", "MiniExcel" }, { "Column2", 1 } },
    new Dictionary<string,object>{{ "Column1", "Github" }, { "Column2", 2 } }
};
MiniExcel.SaveAs(path, values);

output :

Column1 Column2
MiniExcel 1
Github 2

SaveAs 支援 Stream [Try it]

using (var stream = File.Create(path))
{
    stream.SaveAs(values);
}

例子 : SQLite & Dapper 讀取大數據新增到資料庫

note : 請不要呼叫 call ToList/ToArray 等方法,這會將所有資料讀到記憶體內

using (var connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
{
    connection.Open();
    using (var transaction = connection.BeginTransaction())
    using (var stream = File.OpenRead(path))
    {
	   var rows = stream.Query();
	   foreach (var row in rows)
			 connection.Execute("insert into T (A,B) values (@A,@B)", new { row.A, row.B }, transaction: transaction);
	   transaction.Commit();
    }
}

效能: image

例子 : ASP.NET Core 3.1 or MVC 5 下載 Excel Xlsx API Demo

public class ExcelController : Controller
{
    public IActionResult Download()
    {
        var values = new[] {
            new { Column1 = "MiniExcel", Column2 = 1 },
            new { Column1 = "Github", Column2 = 2}
        };
        var stream = new MemoryStream();
        stream.SaveAs(values);
        return File(stream,
            "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
            "demo.xlsx");
    }
}

Excel 類別自動判斷

MiniExcel 預設會根據擴展名或是 Stream 類別判斷是 xlsx 還是 csv但會有失準時候請自行指定。

stream.SaveAs(excelType:ExcelType.CSV);
//or
stream.SaveAs(excelType:ExcelType.XLSX);
//or
stream.Query(excelType:ExcelType.CSV);
//or
stream.Query(excelType:ExcelType.XLSX);

侷限與警告

  • 目前不支援 xls 或是加密檔案。

參考