ant-design/components/menu/index.zh-CN.md

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---
category: Components
cols: 1
type: 导航
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title: Menu
subtitle: 导航菜单
cover: https://gw.alipayobjects.com/zos/alicdn/3XZcjGpvK/Menu.svg
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---
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为页面和功能提供导航的菜单列表。
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## 何时使用
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导航菜单是一个网站的灵魂,用户依赖导航在各个页面中进行跳转。一般分为顶部导航和侧边导航,顶部导航提供全局性的类目和功能,侧边导航提供多级结构来收纳和排列网站架构。
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更多布局和导航的使用可以参考:[通用布局](/components/layout)。
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## 开发者注意事项
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- Menu 元素为 `ul`,因而仅支持 [`li` 以及 `script-supporting` 子元素](https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-ul-element)。因而你的子节点元素应该都在 `Menu.Item` 内使用。
- Menu 需要计算节点结构,因而其子元素仅支持 `Menu.*` 以及对此进行封装的 HOC 组件。
### 4.20.0 用法升级
```__react
import Alert from '../alert';
ReactDOM.render(<Alert message="在 4.20.0 版本后,我们提供了 <Menu items={[...]} /> 的简写方式,有更好的性能和更方便的数据组织方式,开发者不再需要自行拼接 JSX。同时我们废弃了原先的写法你还是可以在 4.x 继续使用,但会在控制台看到警告,并会在 5.0 后移除。" />, mountNode);
```
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```jsx
// >=4.20.0 可用,推荐的写法 ✅
const items = [
{ label: '菜单项一', key: 'item-1' }, // 菜单项务必填写 key
{ label: '菜单项二', key: 'item-2' },
{
label: '子菜单',
key: 'submenu',
children: [{ label: '子菜单项', key: 'submenu-item-1' }],
},
];
return <Menu items={items} />;
// <4.20.0 可用>=4.20.0 时不推荐 🙅🏻‍♀️
<Menu>
<Menu.Item>菜单项一</Menu.Item>
<Menu.Item>菜单项二</Menu.Item>
<Menu.SubMenu title="子菜单">
<Menu.Item>子菜单项</Menu.Item>
</Menu.SubMenu>
</Menu>;
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```
`<4.20.0` 版本的 JSX 演示写法可以参考 [https://github.com/ant-design/ant-design/tree/4.19.5/components/menu/demo](https://github.com/ant-design/ant-design/tree/4.19.5/components/menu/demo)。
## API
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### Menu
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| 参数 | 说明 | 类型 | 默认值 | 版本 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| defaultOpenKeys | 初始展开的 SubMenu 菜单项 key 数组 | string\[] | - | |
| defaultSelectedKeys | 初始选中的菜单项 key 数组 | string\[] | - | |
| expandIcon | 自定义展开图标 | ReactNode \| `(props: SubMenuProps & { isSubMenu: boolean }) => ReactNode` | - | 4.9.0 |
| forceSubMenuRender | 在子菜单展示之前就渲染进 DOM | boolean | false | |
| inlineCollapsed | inline 时菜单是否收起状态 | boolean | - | |
| inlineIndent | inline 模式的菜单缩进宽度 | number | 24 | |
| items | 菜单内容 | [ItemType\[\]](#ItemType) | - | 4.20.0 |
| mode | 菜单类型,现在支持垂直、水平、和内嵌模式三种 | `vertical` \| `horizontal` \| `inline` | `vertical` | |
| multiple | 是否允许多选 | boolean | false | |
| openKeys | 当前展开的 SubMenu 菜单项 key 数组 | string\[] | - | |
| overflowedIndicator | 用于自定义 Menu 水平空间不足时的省略收缩的图标 | ReactNode | `<EllipsisOutlined />` | |
| selectable | 是否允许选中 | boolean | true | |
| selectedKeys | 当前选中的菜单项 key 数组 | string\[] | - | |
| style | 根节点样式 | CSSProperties | - | |
| subMenuCloseDelay | 用户鼠标离开子菜单后关闭延时,单位:秒 | number | 0.1 | |
| subMenuOpenDelay | 用户鼠标进入子菜单后开启延时,单位:秒 | number | 0 | |
| theme | 主题颜色 | `light` \| `dark` | `light` | |
merge master into Feature (#25262) * feat: add successColor for Progress (#24655) * feat: add successColor for Progress * feat: update * fix: update test * remove snap * feat: add test case * refactor success * feat: adjust styyle * feat: add DevWarning * feat: Support rowSelection.dirty (#24718) * feat: Support rowSelection.dirty * rename to reserveKeys * preserveKeys will keep record also * to preserveSelectedRowKeys * feat: add ghost prop for collapse (#24734) * feat: add ghost prop for collapse * doc: version of collapse's ghost prop * refactor: make ghost collapse's less code to a nested style * chore: remove redundant codes in ghost collapse's less & doc * doc: add a background wrapper for ghost collapse demo * doc: dark-theme wrapper bg-color for ghost collapse demo * test: update snapshot of ghost collapse * doc: use softer bg-color on ghost collapse demo * doc: remove disabled panel in ghost collapse demo * feat: form instance support getFieldInstance (#24711) * support getFieldInstance * update doc * fix lint * move func * move into hooks * update ref logic * fix lint * rm only * fix docs * feat: dropdown support arrow (#23869) * feat: dropdown support arrow prop close #22758 * test: update snapshot * fix: fix dropdown cls names * test: update snapshot * test: update snapshot * doc: update demo * test: update demo snapshot * demo * fix: snapshot * chore: change the style of ghost collapse & demo modified (#24762) * refactor: reduce content padding in ghost collapse * doc: remove the wrapper outside ghost collapse Designer want the demo differs from other demos * refactor: remove redundant .less code in collapse * feat: cascader dropdown-render prop (#24812) * feat: cascader dropdown-render prop * fix: update Cascader dropdownRender type annotation * fix: set rc-cascader semver from ^ to ~ * docs: fix coding style in cascader/custom-dropdown * feat: 🆕 support Drawer closeIcon (#24842) * feat: :new: support Drawer closeIcon close #19283 close #19153 * add test case * update docs * feat: 🆕 Cascader expandIcon (#24865) * feat: cascader expandIcon * fix: snap * refactor: reduce CSS size (#24846) * refactor: reduce button css size * refactor: remove redundant button .less code * feat: add Table onChange an action param (#24697) * Working on tests * created TableAction type * changed TableActions to tuple * removed chinese documentation line * refactor TableActions * fix documentation * Moved action into extra param * minor doc change * feat: add closeIcon customize tag close (#24885) * feat: add closeIcon customize tag close * docs fix * update snap * fix: css name * update snapshot * snapshot * feat: add radio `optionType` api to set radio option type (#24809) * feat: radio component * docs: update md * fix: snap * test components * fix: use optionType * fix name * add warning * fix * feat: expand rate character (#24903) * feat: expand rate character * fix: demo * fix: snap * Update components/rate/index.zh-CN.md Co-authored-by: 偏右 <afc163@gmail.com> * fix Co-authored-by: 偏右 <afc163@gmail.com> * Refactor demo code box actions (#24887) * refactor: refine the styling of actions part of demo code-box * fix: lint style * refactor: move Result children to end (#24945) * feat: remove content max-width on dot-step (#24907) * feat: add Skeleton-Image (#24805) * feat: add Skeleton-Image * feat: add docs * fix: adjust skeleton * feat: adjust Image Component * feat: rebase * feat: adjust style * fix: lint * feat: remove size * feat: delete md * feat: fix style * ✨ feat: Mentions support autoSize (#24961) close #17746 * chore: replace textarea with rc-textarea (#24966) * feat: update pagination@2.3.0 support onChange called when pageSize change (#24964) * feat: update pagination@2.5.0 and add test case to relative component * fix: lint * delete * feat: add test case for pagination * adjust test case * feat: Implement centered prop in Tabs (#24958) * Implement centered in Tabs along with its tests and docs * Fix build error * Add Chinese translations and remove test case Co-authored-by: Ashkan Pourghasem <ashkan.pourghasem@gmail.com> * feat: Add modal style parameter (#24773) * add some paramters in default.less * Update components/style/themes/default.less Co-authored-by: Amumu <yoyo837@hotmail.com> * change parameter in compact.less Co-authored-by: Crystal Gao <jinggao@ebay.com> Co-authored-by: Amumu <yoyo837@hotmail.com> * feat: export Tabs addIcon (#25006) * feat: export Tabs addIcon * update snapshot * feat: showNow on timepicker and datetimepicker (#25032) * feat: update rc-picker@1.7.1 and fix icons of month and quarter picker in DatePicker Component (#25035) * feat: update rc-picker@1.7.1 * delete * add * feat: expand rate support props (#24993) * docs: :memo: Add Form.Item hidden in doc (#25108) close #25101 * fix: ⌨️ Improve Pagination accessibility issue (#25119) * ⌨️ Improve Pagination a11y by fixing a W3C error https://github.com/react-component/pagination/issues/280 * update snapshot * :up: rc-pagination to 2.4.1 * feat: support triggerSubMenuAction for <Menu /> (#25127) * feat(menu): add triggerSubMenuAction for Menu * feat(menu): test cases * chore: Adjust picker logic (#25135) * chore: update rc-picker 1.10.0 (#25174) * feat: table row check strictly (#24931) * feat: add checkStrictly on Table.rowSelection * fix: LGTM warnings * test: table rowSelection.checkStrictly * test: add cov [wip] * refactor: tree.rowSelection.checkStrictly [wip] * test: table.rowSelection.checkStrictly basic case * feat: support rowKey on checkStrictly table * feat: Table checkStrictly support getCheckboxProps * docs: Table checkStrictly * chore: typo * chore: remove useless comment * chore: update snapshot * chore: update snapshot * fix: fire selectAll on selection dropdown menu & changeRows incorrect in selectAll callback * docs: typo * chore * chore * fix: expand buttons of leaf rows in tree data are not hidden * feat: Table warning about rowKey index parameter * perf: only generate keyEntities when not checkStrictly * refactor: remove useless parseCheckedKeys * refactor: get derived selected & half selected keys from selectedRowKeys * chore: remove env condition stmt * chore: revert index usage & code formatting * chore: rerun ci * docs: table tree-data checkstrictly * test: update snapshots * refactor: use useMergedState hook * chore: rerun ci * chore: rerun ci 2 * chore: revert selection select all behavior * refactor: refactor code based on feature * chore: revert table code format * chore: revert table code format * fix: useMemo deps * fix: useMemo deps * fix: useMemo deps * feat: support preserve (#25186) * docs: add responsibly order for Col (#25139) * feat: add type * feat: add responsibly order cols * feat: add docs * feat: add test case * fix test Co-authored-by: 二货机器人 <smith3816@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: 偏右 <afc163@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: zoomdong <1344492820@qq.com> Co-authored-by: 07akioni <07akioni2@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: wendellhu <wendellhu95@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: xrkffgg <xrkffgg@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Neto Braghetto <netow93@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Kermit Xuan <kermitlx@outlook.com> Co-authored-by: Ashkan Pourghasem <64011067+ashkan-pm@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Ashkan Pourghasem <ashkan.pourghasem@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: hicrystal <295247343@qq.com> Co-authored-by: Crystal Gao <jinggao@ebay.com> Co-authored-by: Amumu <yoyo837@hotmail.com> Co-authored-by: Li Ming <armyiljfe@gmail.com>
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| triggerSubMenuAction | SubMenu 展开/关闭的触发行为 | `hover` \| `click` | `hover` | |
| onClick | 点击 MenuItem 调用此函数 | function({ item, key, keyPath, domEvent }) | - | |
| onDeselect | 取消选中时调用,仅在 multiple 生效 | function({ item, key, keyPath, selectedKeys, domEvent }) | - | |
| onOpenChange | SubMenu 展开/关闭的回调 | function(openKeys: string\[]) | - | |
| onSelect | 被选中时调用 | function({ item, key, keyPath, selectedKeys, domEvent }) | -   | |
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> 更多属性查看 [rc-menu](https://github.com/react-component/menu#api)
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### ItemType
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> type ItemType = [MenuItemType](#MenuItemType) | [SubMenuType](#SubMenuType) | [MenuItemGroupType](#MenuItemGroupType) | [MenuDividerType](#MenuDividerType);
#### MenuItemType
| 参数 | 说明 | 类型 | 默认值 | 版本 |
| -------- | ------------------------ | --------- | ------ | ---- |
| danger | 展示错误状态样式 | boolean | false | |
| disabled | 是否禁用 | boolean | false | |
| icon | 菜单图标 | ReactNode | - | |
| key | item 的唯一标志 | string | - | |
| label | 菜单项标题 | ReactNode | - | |
| title | 设置收缩时展示的悬浮标题 | string | - | |
> 注意:`icon` 是 `4.2.0` 新增的属性,之前的版本请使用下面的方式定义图标。
>
> ```jsx
> <Menu.Item>
> <PieChartOutlined />
> <span>Option 1</span>
> </Menu.Item>
> <Menu.SubMenu
> title={
> <>
> <PieChartOutlined />
> <span>Option 2</span>
> </>
> }
> >
> ...
> </Menu.SubMenu>
> ```
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#### SubMenuType
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| 参数 | 说明 | 类型 | 默认值 | 版本 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| children | 子菜单的菜单项 | [ItemType\[\]](#ItemType) | - | |
| disabled | 是否禁用 | boolean | false | |
| icon | 菜单图标 | ReactNode | - | |
| key | 唯一标志 | string | - | |
| label | 菜单项标题 | ReactNode | - | |
| popupClassName | 子菜单样式,`mode="inline"` 时无效 | string | - | |
| popupOffset | 子菜单偏移量,`mode="inline"` 时无效 | \[number, number] | - | |
| onTitleClick | 点击子菜单标题 | function({ key, domEvent }) | - | |
| theme | 设置子菜单的主题,默认从 Menu 上继承 | | `light` \| `dark` | - | |
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#### MenuItemGroupType
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定义类型为 `group` 时,会作为分组处理:
```ts
const groupItem = {
type: 'group', // Must have
label: 'My Group',
children: [],
};
```
| 参数 | 说明 | 类型 | 默认值 | 版本 |
| -------- | ------------ | --------------------------------- | ------ | ---- |
| children | 分组的菜单项 | [MenuItemType\[\]](#MenuItemType) | - | |
| label | 分组标题 | ReactNode | - | |
#### MenuDividerType
菜单项分割线,只用在弹出菜单内,需要定义类型为 `divider`
```ts
const dividerItem = {
type: 'divider', // Must have
};
```
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| 参数 | 说明 | 类型 | 默认值 | 版本 |
| ------ | -------- | ------- | ------ | ---- |
| dashed | 是否虚线 | boolean | false | |
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## FAQ
### 为何 Menu 的子元素会渲染两次?
Menu 通过[二次渲染](https://github.com/react-component/menu/blob/f4684514096d6b7123339cbe72e7b0f68db0bce2/src/Menu.tsx#L543)收集嵌套结构信息以支持 HOC 的结构。合并成一个推导结构会使得逻辑变得十分复杂,欢迎 PR 以协助改进该设计。
### 在 Flex 布局中Menu 没有按照预期响应式省略菜单?
Menu 初始化时会先全部渲染,然后根据宽度裁剪内容。当处于 Flex 布局中,你需要告知其预期宽度为响应式宽度([在线 Demo](https://codesandbox.io/s/ding-bu-dao-hang-antd-4-21-7-forked-5e3imy?file=/demo.js)
```jsx
<div style={{ flex }}>
<div style={{ ... }}>Some Content</div>
<Menu style={{ minWidth: 0, flex: "auto" }} />
</div>
```