apisix/docs/zh/latest/plugins/proxy-cache.md

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---
title: proxy-cache
---
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代理缓存插件,该插件提供缓存后端响应数据的能力,它可以和其他插件一起使用。该插件支持基于磁盘的缓存,未来也会支持基于内存的缓存。目前可以根据响应码、请求 Method 来指定需要缓存的数据,另外也可以通过 no_cache 和 cache_bypass 配置更复杂的缓存策略。
基于磁盘的缓存需要注意:
1. 不能动态配置缓存的过期时间,只能通过后端服务响应头 Expires 或 Cache-Control 来设置过期时间,如果后端响应头中没有 Expires 或 Cache-Control那么 APISIX 将默认只缓存10秒钟
2. 如果后端服务不可用, APISIX 将返回502或504那么502或504将被缓存10秒钟
### 参数
| 名称 | 类型 | 必选项 | 默认值 | 有效值 | 描述 |
| ------------------ | -------------- | ------ | ------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| cache_zone | string | 可选 | disk_cache_one | | 指定使用哪个缓存区域,不同的缓存区域可以配置不同的路径,在 conf/config.yaml 文件中可以预定义使用的缓存区域。当不使用默认值时,指定的缓存区域与 conf/config.yaml 文件中预定义的缓存区域不一致,缓存无效。 |
| cache_key | array[string] | 可选 | ["$host", "$request_uri"] | | 缓存key可以使用变量。例如["$host", "$uri", "-cache-id"] |
| cache_bypass | array[string] | 可选 | | | 是否跳过缓存检索,即不在缓存中查找数据,可以使用变量,需要注意当此参数的值不为空或非'0'时将会跳过缓存的检索。例如:["$arg_bypass"] |
| cache_method | array[string] | 可选 | ["GET", "HEAD"] | ["GET", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE", "PATCH", "HEAD","OPTIONS", "CONNECT", "TRACE"] | 根据请求method决定是否需要缓存 |
| cache_http_status | array[integer] | 可选 | [200, 301, 404] | [200, 599] | 根据响应码决定是否需要缓存 |
| hide_cache_headers | boolean | 可选 | false | | 是否将 Expires 和 Cache-Control 响应头返回给客户端 |
| no_cache | array[string] | 可选 | | | 是否缓存数据,可以使用变量,需要注意当此参数的值不为空或非'0'时将不会缓存数据 |
注:变量以$开头,也可以使用变量和字符串的结合,但是需要以数组的形式分开写,最终变量被解析后会和字符串拼接在一起。
`conf/config.yaml` 文件中的配置示例:
```yaml
proxy_cache: # 代理缓存配置
cache_ttl: 10s # 如果上游未指定缓存时间,则为默认缓存时间
zones: # 缓存的参数
- name: disk_cache_one # 缓存名称(缓存区域)管理员可以通过admin api中的 cache_zone 字段指定要使用的缓存区域
memory_size: 50m # 共享内存的大小,用于存储缓存索引
disk_size: 1G # 磁盘大小,用于存储缓存数据
disk_path: "/tmp/disk_cache_one" # 存储缓存数据的路径
cache_levels: "1:2" # 缓存的层次结构级别
```
### 示例
#### 启用插件
示例一cache_zone 参数默认为 `disk_cache_one`
1、为特定路由启用 `proxy-cache` 插件:
```shell
curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
{
"plugins": {
"proxy-cache": {
"cache_key": ["$uri", "-cache-id"],
"cache_bypass": ["$arg_bypass"],
"cache_method": ["GET"],
"cache_http_status": [200],
"hide_cache_headers": true,
"no_cache": ["$arg_test"]
}
},
"upstream": {
"nodes": {
"127.0.0.1:1999": 1
},
"type": "roundrobin"
},
"uri": "/hello"
}'
```
测试:
```shell
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/hello -i
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Length: 6
Connection: keep-alive
Server: APISIX web server
Date: Tue, 03 Mar 2020 10:45:36 GMT
Last-Modified: Tue, 03 Mar 2020 10:36:38 GMT
Apisix-Cache-Status: MISS
hello
```
> http status 返回`200`并且响应头中包含 `Apisix-Cache-Status`,表示该插件已启用。
2、验证数据是否被缓存再次请求上边的地址
```shell
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/hello -i
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Length: 6
Connection: keep-alive
Server: APISIX web server
Date: Tue, 03 Mar 2020 11:14:46 GMT
Last-Modified: Thu, 20 Feb 2020 14:21:41 GMT
Apisix-Cache-Status: HIT
hello
```
> 响应头 Apisix-Cache-Status 值变为了 HIT说明数据已经被缓存
示例二:自定义 cache_zone 参数为 `disk_cache_two`
1、在 `conf/config.yaml` 文件中的指定缓存区域等信息:
```yaml
proxy_cache:
cache_ttl: 10s
zones:
- name: disk_cache_two
memory_size: 50m
disk_size: 1G
disk_path: "/tmp/disk_cache_one"
cache_levels: "1:2"
```
2、为特定路由启用 `proxy-cache` 插件:
```shell
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
{
"plugins": {
"proxy-cache": {
"cache_zone": "disk_cache_two",
"cache_key": ["$uri", "-cache-id"],
"cache_bypass": ["$arg_bypass"],
"cache_method": ["GET"],
"cache_http_status": [200],
"hide_cache_headers": true,
"no_cache": ["$arg_test"]
}
},
"upstream": {
"nodes": {
"127.0.0.1:1999": 1
},
"type": "roundrobin"
},
"uri": "/hello"
}'
```
测试:
```shell
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/hello -i
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Length: 6
Connection: keep-alive
Server: APISIX web server
Date: Tue, 03 Mar 2020 10:45:36 GMT
Last-Modified: Tue, 03 Mar 2020 10:36:38 GMT
Apisix-Cache-Status: MISS
hello
```
> http status 返回`200`并且响应头中包含 `Apisix-Cache-Status`,表示该插件已启用。
3、验证数据是否被缓存再次请求上面的地址
```shell
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/hello -i
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Length: 6
Connection: keep-alive
Server: APISIX web server
Date: Tue, 03 Mar 2020 11:14:46 GMT
Last-Modified: Thu, 20 Feb 2020 14:21:41 GMT
Apisix-Cache-Status: HIT
hello
```
> 响应头 `Apisix-Cache-Status` 值变为了 HIT说明数据已经被缓存
示例3指定 cache_zone 为 `invalid_disk_cache``conf/config.yaml` 文件中指定的缓存区域 `disk_cache_one` 不一致。
```shell
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
{
"plugins": {
"proxy-cache": {
"cache_zone": "invalid_disk_cache",
"cache_key": ["$uri", "-cache-id"],
"cache_bypass": ["$arg_bypass"],
"cache_method": ["GET"],
"cache_http_status": [200],
"hide_cache_headers": true,
"no_cache": ["$arg_test"]
}
},
"upstream": {
"nodes": {
"127.0.0.1:1999": 1
},
"type": "roundrobin"
},
"uri": "/hello"
}'
```
```json
{"error_msg":"failed to check the configuration of plugin proxy-cache err: cache_zone invalid_disk_cache not found"}
```
响应错误信息,表示插件配置无效。
#### 清除缓存数据
如何清理缓存的数据,只需要指定请求的 method 为 PURGE。
测试:
```shell
$ curl -i http://127.0.0.1:9080/hello -X PURGE
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 03 Mar 2020 11:17:35 GMT
Content-Type: text/plain
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Connection: keep-alive
Server: APISIX web server
```
> 响应码为200即表示删除成功如果缓存的数据未找到将返回404。
再次请求缓存数据未找到返回404
```shell
$ curl -i http://127.0.0.1:9080/hello -X PURGE
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Date: Wed, 18 Nov 2020 05:46:34 GMT
Content-Type: text/plain
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Connection: keep-alive
Server: APISIX web server
<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>
<hr><center>openresty</center>
</body>
</html>
```
#### 禁用插件
移除插件配置中相应的 JSON 配置可立即禁用该插件,无需重启服务:
```shell
curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
{
"uri": "/hello",
"plugins": {},
"upstream": {
"type": "roundrobin",
"nodes": {
"127.0.0.1:1999": 1
}
}
}'
```
这时该插件已被禁用。