---
title: Service
---

<!--
#
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#
-->

`Service` 是某类 API 的抽象（也可以理解为一组 Route 的抽象）。它通常与上游服务抽象是一一对应的，`Route`
与 `Service` 之间，通常是 N:1 的关系，参看下图。

![服务示例](../../../assets/images/service-example.png)

不同 Route 规则同时绑定到一个 Service 上，这些 Route 将具有相同的上游和插件配置，减少冗余配置。

比如下面的例子，创建了一个启用限流插件的 Service，然后把 id 为 `100`、`101` 的 Route 都绑定在这个 Service 上。

```shell
# create new Service
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/services/200 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
{
    "plugins": {
        "limit-count": {
            "count": 2,
            "time_window": 60,
            "rejected_code": 503,
            "key": "remote_addr"
        }
    },
    "upstream": {
        "type": "roundrobin",
        "nodes": {
            "39.97.63.215:80": 1
        }
    }
}'

# create new Route and reference the service by id `200`
curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/100 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
{
    "methods": ["GET"],
    "uri": "/index.html",
    "service_id": "200"
}'

curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/101 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
{
    "methods": ["GET"],
    "uri": "/foo/index.html",
    "service_id": "200"
}'
```

当然我们也可以为 Route 指定不同的插件参数或上游，比如下面这个 Route 设置了不同的限流参数，其他部分（比如上游）则继续使用 Service 中的配置参数。

```shell
curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/102 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
{
    "uri": "/bar/index.html",
    "id": "102",
    "service_id": "200",
    "plugins": {
        "limit-count": {
            "count": 2000,
            "time_window": 60,
            "rejected_code": 503,
            "key": "remote_addr"
        }
    }
}'
```

注意：当 Route 和 Service 都开启同一个插件时，Route 参数的优先级是高于 Service 的。