mirror of
https://gitee.com/iresty/apisix.git
synced 2024-12-15 17:31:45 +08:00
202 lines
8.5 KiB
Markdown
202 lines
8.5 KiB
Markdown
<!--
|
||
#
|
||
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
|
||
# contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
|
||
# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
|
||
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
|
||
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
|
||
# the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
|
||
#
|
||
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
|
||
#
|
||
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
|
||
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
|
||
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
|
||
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
|
||
# limitations under the License.
|
||
#
|
||
-->
|
||
|
||
- [English](../../plugins/limit-count.md)
|
||
|
||
# 目录
|
||
|
||
- [简介](#简介)
|
||
- [参数](#参数)
|
||
- [如何使用](#如何使用)
|
||
- [测试插件](#测试插件)
|
||
- [移除插件](#移除插件)
|
||
|
||
## 简介
|
||
|
||
和 [GitHub API 的限速](https://developer.github.com/v3/#rate-limiting)类似，
|
||
在指定的时间范围内，限制总的请求个数。并且在 HTTP 响应头中返回剩余可以请求的个数。
|
||
|
||
## 参数
|
||
|
||
| 名称 | 类型 | 必选项 | 默认值 | 有效值 | 描述 |
|
||
| --------------- | -------- | ------------ | ------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|
||
| count | integer | 必须 | | [0,...] | 指定时间窗口内的请求数量阈值 |
|
||
| time_window | integer | 必须 | | [0,...] | 时间窗口的大小（以秒为单位），超过这个时间就会重置 |
|
||
| key | string | 可选 | "remote_addr" | ["remote_addr", "server_addr", "http_x_real_ip", "http_x_forwarded_for", "consumer_name", "service_id"] | 用来做请求计数的有效值。<br>例如，可以使用主机名（或服务器区域）作为关键字，以便限制每个主机名规定时间内的请求次数。我们也可以使用客户端地址作为关键字，这样我们就可以避免单个客户端规定时间内多次的连接我们的服务。<br>当前接受的 key 有："remote_addr"（客户端IP地址）, "server_addr"（服务端 IP 地址）, 请求头中的"X-Forwarded-For" 或 "X-Real-IP", "consumer_name"（consumer 的 username）, "service_id" 。 |
|
||
| rejected_code | integer | 可选 | 503 | [200,600] | 当请求超过阈值被拒绝时，返回的 HTTP 状态码 |
|
||
| policy | string | 可选 | "local" | ["local", "redis", "redis-cluster"] | 用于检索和增加限制的速率限制策略。可选的值有：`local`(计数器被以内存方式保存在节点本地，默认选项) 和 `redis`(计数器保存在 Redis 服务节点上，从而可以跨节点共享结果，通常用它来完成全局限速)；以及`redis-cluster`，跟redis功能一样，只是使用redis集群方式。 |
|
||
| redis_host | string | `redis` 必须 | | | 当使用 `redis` 限速策略时，该属性是 Redis 服务节点的地址。 |
|
||
| redis_port | integer | 可选 | 6379 | [1,...] | 当使用 `redis` 限速策略时，该属性是 Redis 服务节点的端口 |
|
||
| redis_password | string | 可选 | | | 当使用 `redis` 限速策略时，该属性是 Redis 服务节点的密码。 |
|
||
| redis_timeout | integer | 可选 | 1000 | [1,...] | 当使用 `redis` 限速策略时，该属性是 Redis 服务节点以毫秒为单位的超时时间 |
|
||
| redis_cluster_nodes | array | 可选 | | | 当使用 `redis-cluster` 限速策略时，该属性是 Redis 集群服务节点的地址列表。 |
|
||
|
||
**key 是可以被用户自定义的，只需要修改插件的一行代码即可完成。并没有在插件中放开是处于安全的考虑。**
|
||
|
||
## 如何使用
|
||
|
||
### 开启插件
|
||
|
||
下面是一个示例，在指定的 `route` 上开启了 `limit count` 插件:
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
curl -i http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
|
||
{
|
||
"uri": "/index.html",
|
||
"plugins": {
|
||
"limit-count": {
|
||
"count": 2,
|
||
"time_window": 60,
|
||
"rejected_code": 503,
|
||
"key": "remote_addr"
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"upstream": {
|
||
"type": "roundrobin",
|
||
"nodes": {
|
||
"39.97.63.215:80": 1
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
你可以使用浏览器打开 dashboard：`http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/dashboard/`，通过 web 界面来完成上面的操作，先增加一个 route：
|
||
|
||
|
||
然后在 route 页面中添加 limit-count 插件：
|
||
|
||
|
||
如果你需要一个集群级别的流量控制，我们可以借助 redis server 来完成。不同的 APISIX 节点之间将共享流量限速结果，实现集群流量限速。
|
||
|
||
如果启用单 redis 策略，请看下面例子：
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
curl -i http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
|
||
{
|
||
"uri": "/index.html",
|
||
"plugins": {
|
||
"limit-count": {
|
||
"count": 2,
|
||
"time_window": 60,
|
||
"rejected_code": 503,
|
||
"key": "remote_addr",
|
||
"policy": "redis",
|
||
"redis_host": "127.0.0.1",
|
||
"redis_port": 6379,
|
||
"redis_password": "password",
|
||
"redis_timeout": 1001
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"upstream": {
|
||
"type": "roundrobin",
|
||
"nodes": {
|
||
"39.97.63.215:80": 1
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
如果使用 `redis-cluster` 策略:
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
curl -i http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
|
||
{
|
||
"uri": "/index.html",
|
||
"plugins": {
|
||
"limit-count": {
|
||
"count": 2,
|
||
"time_window": 60,
|
||
"rejected_code": 503,
|
||
"key": "remote_addr",
|
||
"policy": "redis-cluster",
|
||
"redis_cluster_nodes": [
|
||
"127.0.0.1:5000",
|
||
"127.0.0.1:5001"
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"upstream": {
|
||
"type": "roundrobin",
|
||
"nodes": {
|
||
"39.97.63.215:80": 1
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 测试插件
|
||
|
||
上述配置限制了 60 秒内只能访问 2 次，前两次访问都会正常访问：
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
curl -i http://127.0.0.1:9080/index.html
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
响应头里面包含了 `X-RateLimit-Limit` 和 `X-RateLimit-Remaining`，他们的含义分别是限制的总请求数和剩余还可以发送的请求数：
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
|
||
Content-Type: text/html
|
||
Content-Length: 13175
|
||
Connection: keep-alive
|
||
X-RateLimit-Limit: 2
|
||
X-RateLimit-Remaining: 0
|
||
Server: APISIX web server
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
当你第三次访问的时候，就会收到包含 503 返回码的响应头：
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
HTTP/1.1 503 Service Temporarily Unavailable
|
||
Content-Type: text/html
|
||
Content-Length: 194
|
||
Connection: keep-alive
|
||
Server: APISIX web server
|
||
|
||
<html>
|
||
<head><title>503 Service Temporarily Unavailable</title></head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<center><h1>503 Service Temporarily Unavailable</h1></center>
|
||
<hr><center>openresty</center>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
这就表示 `limit count` 插件生效了。
|
||
|
||
## 移除插件
|
||
|
||
当你想去掉 `limit count` 插件的时候，很简单，在插件的配置中把对应的 json 配置删除即可，无须重启服务，即刻生效：
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
|
||
{
|
||
"methods": ["GET"],
|
||
"uri": "/index.html",
|
||
"upstream": {
|
||
"type": "roundrobin",
|
||
"nodes": {
|
||
"39.97.63.215:80": 1
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
现在就已经移除了 `limit count` 插件了。其他插件的开启和移除也是同样的方法。
|