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215 lines
6.9 KiB
Markdown
215 lines
6.9 KiB
Markdown
<!--
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#
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# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
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# contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
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# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
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# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
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# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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# the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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#
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# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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# limitations under the License.
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#
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-->
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- [English](../../plugins/limit-req.md)
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# 目录
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- [简介](#简介)
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- [属性](#属性)
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- [示例](#示例)
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- [如何在 `route` 或 `service` 上使用](#如何在`route`或`service`上使用)
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- [如何在 `consumer` 上使用](#如何在`consumer`上使用)
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- [移除插件](#移除插件)
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## 简介
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限制请求速度的插件，使用的是漏桶算法。
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## 属性
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| 名称 | 类型 | 必选项 | 默认值 | 有效值 | 描述 |
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| ------------- | ------- | ------ | ------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| rate | integer | 必须 | | rate > 0 | 指定的请求速率（以秒为单位），请求速率超过 `rate` 但没有超过 （`rate` + `brust`）的请求会被加上延时。 |
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| burst | integer | 必须 | | burst >= 0 | t请求速率超过 （`rate` + `brust`）的请求会被直接拒绝。 |
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| key | string | 必须 | | ["remote_addr", "server_addr", "http_x_real_ip", "http_x_forwarded_for", "consumer_name"] | 用来做请求计数的依据，当前接受的 key 有："remote_addr"(客户端IP地址), "server_addr"(服务端 IP 地址), 请求头中的"X-Forwarded-For" 或 "X-Real-IP"，"consumer_name"(consumer 的 username)。 |
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| rejected_code | integer | 可选 | 503 | [200,...,599] | 当请求超过阈值被拒绝时，返回的 HTTP 状态码。 |
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**key 是可以被用户自定义的，只需要修改插件的一行代码即可完成。并没有在插件中放开是处于安全的考虑。**
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## 示例
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### 如何在`route`或`service`上使用
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这里以`route`为例(`service`的使用是同样的方法)，在指定的 `route` 上启用 `limit-req` 插件。
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```shell
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curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
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{
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"methods": ["GET"],
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"uri": "/index.html",
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"plugins": {
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"limit-req": {
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"rate": 1,
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"burst": 2,
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"rejected_code": 503,
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"key": "remote_addr"
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}
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},
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"upstream": {
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"type": "roundrobin",
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"nodes": {
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"39.97.63.215:80": 1
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}
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}
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}'
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```
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你可以使用浏览器打开 dashboard：`http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/dashboard/`，通过 web 界面来完成上面的操作，先增加一个 route：
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然后在 route 页面中添加 limit-req 插件：
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**测试插件**
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上述配置限制了每秒请求速率为 1，大于 1 小于 3 的会被加上延时，速率超过 3 就会被拒绝：
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```shell
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curl -i http://127.0.0.1:9080/index.html
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```
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当你超过，就会收到包含 503 返回码的响应头：
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```html
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HTTP/1.1 503 Service Temporarily Unavailable
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Content-Type: text/html
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Content-Length: 194
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Connection: keep-alive
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Server: APISIX web server
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<html>
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<head><title>503 Service Temporarily Unavailable</title></head>
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<body>
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<center><h1>503 Service Temporarily Unavailable</h1></center>
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<hr><center>openresty</center>
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</body>
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</html>
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```
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这就表示 limit req 插件生效了。
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### 如何在`consumer`上使用
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consumer上开启`limit-req`插件，需要与授权插件一起配合使用，这里以key-auth授权插件为例。
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1、将`limit-req`插件绑定到consumer上
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```shell
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curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/consumers -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
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{
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"username": "consumer_jack",
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"plugins": {
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"key-auth": {
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"key": "auth-jack"
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},
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"limit-req": {
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"rate": 1,
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"burst": 1,
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"rejected_code": 403,
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"key": "consumer_name"
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}
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}
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}'
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```
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2、创建`route`并开启`key-auth`插件
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```shell
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curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
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{
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"methods": ["GET"],
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"uri": "/index.html",
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"plugins": {
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"key-auth": {
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"key": "auth-jack"
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}
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},
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"upstream": {
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"type": "roundrobin",
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"nodes": {
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"127.0.0.1:1980": 1
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}
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}
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}'
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```
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**测试插件**
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未超过`rate + burst` 的值
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```shell
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curl -i http://127.0.0.1:9080/index.html -H 'apikey: auth-jack'
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HTTP/1.1 200 OK
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......
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```
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当超过`rate + burst` 的值
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```shell
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curl -i http://127.0.0.1:9080/index.html -H 'apikey: auth-jack'
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HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
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.....
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<html>
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<head><title>403 Forbidden</title></head>
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<body>
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<center><h1>403 Forbidden</h1></center>
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<hr><center>openresty</center>
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</body>
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</html>
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```
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说明绑在`consumer`上的 `limit-req`插件生效了
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## 移除插件
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当你想去掉 limit req 插件的时候，很简单，在插件的配置中把对应的 json 配置删除即可，无须重启服务，即刻生效：
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```shell
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curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
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{
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"methods": ["GET"],
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"uri": "/index.html",
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"upstream": {
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"type": "roundrobin",
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"nodes": {
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"39.97.63.215:80": 1
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}
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}
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}'
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```
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移除`consumer`上的 `limit-req` 插件
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```shell
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curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/consumers -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
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{
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"username": "consumer_jack",
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"plugins": {
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"key-auth": {
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"key": "auth-jack"
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}
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}
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}'
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```
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现在就已经移除了 limit req 插件了。其他插件的开启和移除也是同样的方法。
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