mirror of
https://gitee.com/iresty/apisix.git
synced 2024-12-15 17:31:45 +08:00
215 lines
6.9 KiB
Markdown
215 lines
6.9 KiB
Markdown
<!--
|
||
#
|
||
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
|
||
# contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
|
||
# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
|
||
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
|
||
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
|
||
# the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
|
||
#
|
||
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
|
||
#
|
||
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
|
||
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
|
||
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
|
||
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
|
||
# limitations under the License.
|
||
#
|
||
-->
|
||
|
||
- [English](../../plugins/limit-req.md)
|
||
|
||
# 目录
|
||
|
||
- [简介](#简介)
|
||
- [属性](#属性)
|
||
- [示例](#示例)
|
||
- [如何在 `route` 或 `service` 上使用](#如何在`route`或`service`上使用)
|
||
- [如何在 `consumer` 上使用](#如何在`consumer`上使用)
|
||
- [移除插件](#移除插件)
|
||
|
||
## 简介
|
||
|
||
限制请求速度的插件，使用的是漏桶算法。
|
||
|
||
## 属性
|
||
|
||
| 名称 | 类型 | 必选项 | 默认值 | 有效值 | 描述 |
|
||
| ------------- | ------- | ------ | ------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
||
| rate | integer | 必须 | | [0,...] | 指定的请求速率（以秒为单位），请求速率超过 `rate` 但没有超过 （`rate` + `brust`）的请求会被加上延时。 |
|
||
| burst | integer | 必须 | | [0,...] | t请求速率超过 （`rate` + `brust`）的请求会被直接拒绝。 |
|
||
| key | string | 必须 | | ["remote_addr", "server_addr", "http_x_real_ip", "http_x_forwarded_for", "consumer_name"] | 用来做请求计数的依据，当前接受的 key 有："remote_addr"(客户端IP地址), "server_addr"(服务端 IP 地址), 请求头中的"X-Forwarded-For" 或 "X-Real-IP"，"consumer_name"(consumer 的 username)。 |
|
||
| rejected_code | integer | 可选 | 503 | [200,...] | 当请求超过阈值被拒绝时，返回的 HTTP 状态码。 |
|
||
|
||
**key 是可以被用户自定义的，只需要修改插件的一行代码即可完成。并没有在插件中放开是处于安全的考虑。**
|
||
|
||
## 示例
|
||
|
||
### 如何在`route`或`service`上使用
|
||
|
||
这里以`route`为例(`service`的使用是同样的方法)，在指定的 `route` 上启用 `limit-req` 插件。
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
|
||
{
|
||
"methods": ["GET"],
|
||
"uri": "/index.html",
|
||
"plugins": {
|
||
"limit-req": {
|
||
"rate": 1,
|
||
"burst": 2,
|
||
"rejected_code": 503,
|
||
"key": "remote_addr"
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"upstream": {
|
||
"type": "roundrobin",
|
||
"nodes": {
|
||
"39.97.63.215:80": 1
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
你可以使用浏览器打开 dashboard：`http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/dashboard/`，通过 web 界面来完成上面的操作，先增加一个 route：
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
然后在 route 页面中添加 limit-req 插件：
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
**测试插件**
|
||
|
||
上述配置限制了每秒请求速率为 1，大于 1 小于 3 的会被加上延时，速率超过 3 就会被拒绝：
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
curl -i http://127.0.0.1:9080/index.html
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
当你超过，就会收到包含 503 返回码的响应头：
|
||
|
||
```html
|
||
HTTP/1.1 503 Service Temporarily Unavailable
|
||
Content-Type: text/html
|
||
Content-Length: 194
|
||
Connection: keep-alive
|
||
Server: APISIX web server
|
||
|
||
<html>
|
||
<head><title>503 Service Temporarily Unavailable</title></head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<center><h1>503 Service Temporarily Unavailable</h1></center>
|
||
<hr><center>openresty</center>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
这就表示 limit req 插件生效了。
|
||
|
||
### 如何在`consumer`上使用
|
||
|
||
consumer上开启`limit-req`插件，需要与授权插件一起配合使用，这里以key-auth授权插件为例。
|
||
|
||
1、将`limit-req`插件绑定到consumer上
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/consumers -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
|
||
{
|
||
"username": "consumer_jack",
|
||
"plugins": {
|
||
"key-auth": {
|
||
"key": "auth-jack"
|
||
},
|
||
"limit-req": {
|
||
"rate": 1,
|
||
"burst": 1,
|
||
"rejected_code": 403,
|
||
"key": "consumer_name"
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
2、创建`route`并开启`key-auth`插件
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
|
||
{
|
||
"methods": ["GET"],
|
||
"uri": "/index.html",
|
||
"plugins": {
|
||
"key-auth": {
|
||
"key": "auth-jack"
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"upstream": {
|
||
"type": "roundrobin",
|
||
"nodes": {
|
||
"127.0.0.1:1980": 1
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**测试插件**
|
||
|
||
未超过`rate + burst` 的值
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
curl -i http://127.0.0.1:9080/index.html -H 'apikey: auth-jack'
|
||
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
|
||
......
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
当超过`rate + burst` 的值
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
curl -i http://127.0.0.1:9080/index.html -H 'apikey: auth-jack'
|
||
HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
|
||
.....
|
||
<html>
|
||
<head><title>403 Forbidden</title></head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<center><h1>403 Forbidden</h1></center>
|
||
<hr><center>openresty</center>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
说明绑在`consumer`上的 `limit-req`插件生效了
|
||
|
||
## 移除插件
|
||
|
||
当你想去掉 limit req 插件的时候，很简单，在插件的配置中把对应的 json 配置删除即可，无须重启服务，即刻生效：
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
|
||
{
|
||
"methods": ["GET"],
|
||
"uri": "/index.html",
|
||
"upstream": {
|
||
"type": "roundrobin",
|
||
"nodes": {
|
||
"39.97.63.215:80": 1
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
移除`consumer`上的 `limit-req` 插件
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/consumers -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
|
||
{
|
||
"username": "consumer_jack",
|
||
"plugins": {
|
||
"key-auth": {
|
||
"key": "auth-jack"
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
现在就已经移除了 limit req 插件了。其他插件的开启和移除也是同样的方法。
|