mirror of
https://gitee.com/iresty/apisix.git
synced 2024-12-15 01:11:58 +08:00
442 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
442 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
<!--
|
||
#
|
||
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
|
||
# contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
|
||
# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
|
||
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
|
||
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
|
||
# the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
|
||
#
|
||
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
|
||
#
|
||
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
|
||
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
|
||
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
|
||
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
|
||
# limitations under the License.
|
||
#
|
||
-->
|
||
|
||
|
||
目录
|
||
===
|
||
|
||
* [Route](#route)
|
||
* [Service](#service)
|
||
* [Consumer](#consumer)
|
||
* [Upstream](#upstream)
|
||
* [SSL](#ssl)
|
||
|
||
## Route
|
||
|
||
*地址*:/apisix/admin/routes/{id}?ttl=0
|
||
|
||
*说明*:Route 字面意思就是路由,通过定义一些规则来匹配客户端的请求,然后根据匹配结果加载并执行相应的
|
||
插件,并把请求转发给到指定 Upstream。
|
||
|
||
> 请求方法:
|
||
|
||
|名字 |请求 uri|请求 body|说明 |
|
||
|---------|-------------------------|--|------|
|
||
|GET |/apisix/admin/routes/{id}|无|获取资源|
|
||
|PUT |/apisix/admin/routes/{id}|{...}|根据 id 创建资源|
|
||
|POST |/apisix/admin/routes |{...}|创建资源,id 由后台服务自动生成|
|
||
|DELETE |/apisix/admin/routes/{id}|无|删除资源|
|
||
|PATCH |/apisix/admin/routes/{id}/{path}|{...}|修改已有 Route 的部分内容,其他不涉及部分会原样保留。|
|
||
|
||
> uri 请求参数:
|
||
|
||
|名字 |可选项 |类型 |说明 |示例|
|
||
|---------|---------|----|-----------|----|
|
||
|ttl |可选 |辅助 |超过这个时间会被自动删除,单位:秒|ttl=1|
|
||
|
||
> body 请求参数:
|
||
|
||
|名字 |可选项 |类型 |说明 |示例|
|
||
|---------|---------|----|-----------|----|
|
||
|uri |与 `uris` 二选一 |匹配规则|除了如 `/foo/bar`、`/foo/gloo` 这种全量匹配外,使用不同 [Router](architecture-design-cn.md#router) 还允许更高级匹配,更多见 [Router](architecture-design-cn.md#router)。|"/hello"|
|
||
|uris |与 `uri` 二选一 |匹配规则|数组形式,可以匹配多个 `uri`|["/hello", "/world"]|
|
||
|plugins |`plugins`、`upstream`/`upstream_id`、`service_id`至少选择一个 |Plugin|详见 [Plugin](architecture-design-cn.md#plugin) ||
|
||
|upstream |`plugins`、`upstream`/`upstream_id`、`service_id`至少选择一个 |Upstream|启用的 Upstream 配置,详见 [Upstream](architecture-design-cn.md#upstream)||
|
||
|upstream_id|`plugins`、`upstream`/`upstream_id`、`service_id`至少选择一个 |Upstream|启用的 upstream id,详见 [Upstream](architecture-design-cn.md#upstream)||
|
||
|service_id|`plugins`、`upstream`/`upstream_id`、`service_id`至少选择一个 |Service|绑定的 Service 配置,详见 [Service](architecture-design-cn.md#service)||
|
||
|service_protocol|可选|上游协议类型|只可以是 "grpc", "http" 二选一。|默认 "http",使用gRPC proxy 或gRPC transcode 时,必须用"grpc"|
|
||
|desc |可选 |辅助 |标识路由名称、使用场景等。|客户 xxxx|
|
||
|host |可选 |匹配规则|当前请求域名,比如 `foo.com`;也支持泛域名,比如 `*.foo.com`。|"foo.com"|
|
||
|hosts |可选 |匹配规则|列表形态的 `host`,表示允许有多个不同 `host`,匹配其中任意一个即可。|{"foo.com", "*.bar.com"}|
|
||
|remote_addr|可选 |匹配规则|客户端请求 IP 地址: `192.168.1.101`、`192.168.1.102` 以及 CIDR 格式的支持 `192.168.1.0/24`。特别的,APISIX 也完整支持 IPv6 地址匹配:`::1`,`fe80::1`, `fe80::1/64` 等。|"192.168.1.0/24"|
|
||
|remote_addrs|可选 |匹配规则|列表形态的 `remote_addr`,表示允许有多个不同 IP 地址,符合其中任意一个即可。|{"127.0.0.1", "192.0.0.0/8", "::1"}|
|
||
|methods |可选 |匹配规则|如果为空或没有该选项,代表没有任何 `method` 限制,也可以是一个或多个的组合:`GET`, `POST`, `PUT`, `DELETE`, `PATCH`, `HEAD`, `OPTIONS`,`CONNECT`,`TRACE`。|{"GET", "POST"}|
|
||
|priority |可选 |匹配规则|如果不同路由包含相同 `uri`,根据属性 `priority` 确定哪个 `route` 被优先匹配,默认值为 0。|priority = 10|
|
||
|vars |可选 |匹配规则|由一个或多个`{var, operator, val}`元素组成的列表,类似这样:`{{var, operator, val}, {var, operator, val}, ...}`。例如:`{"arg_name", "==", "json"}`,表示当前请求参数 `name` 是 `json`。这里的 `var` 与 Nginx 内部自身变量命名是保持一致,所以也可以使用 `request_uri`、`host` 等;对于 `operator` 部分,目前已支持的运算符有 `==`、`~=`、`>`、`<` 和 `~~`。对于`>`和`<`两个运算符,会把结果先转换成 number 然后再做比较。查看支持的[运算符列表](#运算符列表)|{{"arg_name", "==", "json"}, {"arg_age", ">", 18}}|
|
||
|filter_func|可选|匹配规则|用户自定义的过滤函数。可以使用它来实现特殊场景的匹配要求实现。该函数默认接受一个名为 vars 的输入参数,可以用它来获取 Nginx 变量。|function(vars) return vars["arg_name"] == "json" end|
|
||
|
||
有两点需要特别注意:
|
||
- 除了 `uri`/`uris` 是必选的之外,`plugins`、`upstream`/`upstream_id`、`service_id` 这三类必须选择其中至少一个。
|
||
- 对于同一类参数比如 `uri`与 `uris`,`upstream` 与 `upstream_id`,`host` 与 `hosts`,`remote_addr` 与 `remote_addrs` 等,是不能同时存在,二者只能选择其一。如果同时启用,接口会报错。
|
||
|
||
route 对象 json 配置内容:
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "1", # id,非必填
|
||
"uri": "/release/a", # uri 路径
|
||
"uris": ["/a","/b"], # 一组 uri 路径, uri 与 uris 只需要有一个非空即可
|
||
"methods": ["GET","POST"], # 可以填多个方法
|
||
"host": "aa.com", # host 域名
|
||
"hosts": ["a.com","b.com"], # 一组 host 域名, host 与 hosts 只需要有一个非空即可
|
||
"plugins": {}, # 指定 route 绑定的插件
|
||
"priority": 0, # apisix 支持多种匹配方式,可能会在一次匹配中同时匹配到多条路由,此时优先级高的优先匹配中
|
||
"desc": "hello world",
|
||
"remote_addr": "127.0.0.1", # 客户端请求 IP 地址
|
||
"remote_addrs": ["127.0.0.1"], # 一组客户端请求 IP 地址, remote_addr 与 remote_addrs 只需要有一个非空即可
|
||
"vars": [], # 由一个或多个 {var, operator, val} 元素组成的列表
|
||
"upstream_id": "1", # upstream 对象在 etcd 中的 id ,建议使用此值
|
||
"upstream": {}, # upstream 信息对象,建议尽量不要使用
|
||
"filter_func": "", # 用户自定义的过滤函数,非必填
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
具体示例:
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
# 创建一个路由
|
||
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -i -d '
|
||
{
|
||
"uri": "/index.html",
|
||
"hosts": ["foo.com", "*.bar.com"],
|
||
"remote_addrs": ["127.0.0.0/8"],
|
||
"methods": ["PUT", "GET"],
|
||
"upstream": {
|
||
"type": "roundrobin",
|
||
"nodes": {
|
||
"39.97.63.215:80": 1
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}'
|
||
|
||
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
|
||
Date: Sat, 31 Aug 2019 01:17:15 GMT
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
# 创建一个有效期为 60 秒的路由,过期后自动删除
|
||
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/2?ttl=60 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -i -d '
|
||
{
|
||
"uri": "/aa/index.html",
|
||
"upstream": {
|
||
"type": "roundrobin",
|
||
"nodes": {
|
||
"39.97.63.215:80": 1
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}'
|
||
|
||
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
|
||
Date: Sat, 31 Aug 2019 01:17:15 GMT
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
> 应答参数
|
||
|
||
目前是直接返回与 etcd 交互后的结果。
|
||
|
||
### 运算符列表
|
||
|
||
|运算符 |描述 |例子|
|
||
|--------|-----------|-------|
|
||
|== |相等 |{"arg_name", "==", "json"}|
|
||
|~= |不等于 |{"arg_name", "~=", "json"}|
|
||
|> |大于 |{"arg_age", ">", 24}|
|
||
|< |小于 |{"arg_age", "<", 24}|
|
||
|~~ |正则匹配 |{"arg_name", "~~", "[a-z]+"}|
|
||
|
||
请看下面例子,匹配请求参数 name 等于 json ,age 大于 18 且 address 开头是 China 的请求:
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -i -d '
|
||
{
|
||
"uri": "/index.html",
|
||
"vars": [
|
||
["arg_name", "==", "json"],
|
||
["arg_age", ">", "18"],
|
||
["arg_address", "~~", "^China.*"]
|
||
],
|
||
"upstream": {
|
||
"type": "roundrobin",
|
||
"nodes": {
|
||
"39.97.63.215:80": 1
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
[Back to TOC](#目录)
|
||
|
||
## Service
|
||
|
||
*地址*:/apisix/admin/services/{id}
|
||
|
||
*说明*:`Service` 是某类 API 的抽象(也可以理解为一组 Route 的抽象)。它通常与上游服务抽象是一一对应的,`Route`
|
||
与 `Service` 之间,通常是 N:1 的关系。
|
||
|
||
> 请求方法:
|
||
|
||
|名字 |请求 uri|请求 body|说明 |
|
||
|---------|-------------------------|--|------|
|
||
|GET |/apisix/admin/services/{id}|无|获取资源|
|
||
|PUT |/apisix/admin/services/{id}|{...}|根据 id 创建资源|
|
||
|POST |/apisix/admin/services |{...}|创建资源,id 由后台服务自动生成|
|
||
|DELETE |/apisix/admin/services/{id}|无|删除资源|
|
||
|PATCH |/apisix/admin/services/{id}/{path}|{...}|修改已有 Service 的部分内容,其他不涉及部分会原样保留。|
|
||
|
||
> body 请求参数:
|
||
|
||
|名字 |可选项 |类型 |说明 |示例|
|
||
|---------|---------|----|-----------|----|
|
||
|plugins |可选 |Plugin|详见 [Plugin](architecture-design-cn.md#plugin) ||
|
||
|upstream | upstream 或 upstream_id 两个选一个 |Upstream|启用的 Upstream 配置,详见 [Upstream](architecture-design-cn.md#upstream)||
|
||
|upstream_id| upstream 或 upstream_id 两个选一个 |Upstream|启用的 upstream id,详见 [Upstream](architecture-design-cn.md#upstream)||
|
||
|desc |可选 |辅助 |标识服务名称、使用场景等。||
|
||
|
||
serivce 对象 json 配置内容:
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "1", # id
|
||
"plugins": {}, # 指定 service 绑定的插件
|
||
"upstream_id": "1", # upstream 对象在 etcd 中的 id ,建议使用此值
|
||
"upstream": {}, # upstream 信息对象,不建议使用
|
||
"desc": "hello world", # service 描述
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
具体示例:
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
# 创建一个Service
|
||
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/services/201 -X PUT -i -d '
|
||
{
|
||
"plugins": {
|
||
"limit-count": {
|
||
"count": 2,
|
||
"time_window": 60,
|
||
"rejected_code": 503,
|
||
"key": "remote_addr"
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"upstream": {
|
||
"type": "roundrobin",
|
||
"nodes": {
|
||
"39.97.63.215:80": 1
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}'
|
||
|
||
# 返回结果
|
||
|
||
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
|
||
Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2019 03:48:47 GMT
|
||
Content-Type: text/plain
|
||
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
|
||
Connection: keep-alive
|
||
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
|
||
Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true
|
||
Access-Control-Expose-Headers: *
|
||
Access-Control-Max-Age: 3600
|
||
Server: APISIX web server
|
||
|
||
{"node":{"value":{"upstream":{"nodes":{"39.97.63.215:80":1},"type":"roundrobin"},"plugins":{"limit-count":{"time_window":60,"count":2,"rejected_code":503,"key":"remote_addr","policy":"local"}}},"createdIndex":60,"key":"\/apisix\/services\/201","modifiedIndex":60},"action":"set"}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
> 应答参数
|
||
|
||
目前是直接返回与 etcd 交互后的结果。
|
||
|
||
[Back to TOC](#目录)
|
||
|
||
## Consumer
|
||
|
||
*地址*:/apisix/admin/consumers/{id}
|
||
|
||
*说明*:Consumer 是某类服务的消费者,需与用户认证体系配合才能使用。
|
||
|
||
> 请求方法:
|
||
|
||
|名字 |请求 uri|请求 body|说明 |
|
||
|---------|-------------------------|--|------|
|
||
|GET |/apisix/admin/consumers/{id}|无|获取资源|
|
||
|PUT |/apisix/admin/consumers/{id}|{...}|根据 id 创建资源|
|
||
|POST |/apisix/admin/consumers |{...}|创建资源,id 由后台服务自动生成|
|
||
|DELETE |/apisix/admin/consumers/{id}|无|删除资源|
|
||
|
||
> body 请求参数:
|
||
|
||
|名字 |可选项 |类型 |说明 |示例|
|
||
|---------|---------|----|-----------|----|
|
||
|username|必需|辅助|Consumer 名称。||
|
||
|plugins|可选|Plugin|该 Consumer 对应的插件配置,它的优先级是最高的:Consumer > Route > Service。对于具体插件配置,可以参考 [Plugins](#plugin) 章节。||
|
||
|desc |可选 |辅助|consumer描述||
|
||
|
||
consumer 对象 json 配置内容:
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "1", # id
|
||
"plugins": {}, # 指定 consumer 绑定的插件
|
||
"username": "name", # 必填
|
||
"desc": "hello world", # consumer 描述
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
绑定认证授权插件有些特别,当它需要与 consumer 联合使用时,需要提供用户名、密码等信息;另一方面,当它与 route/service 绑定时,是不需要任何参数的。因为这时候是根据用户请求数据来反向推出用户对应的是哪个 consumer
|
||
|
||
示例:
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
# 创建 Consumer ,指定认证插件 key-auth ,并开启特定插件 limit-count
|
||
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/consumers/2 -X PUT -i -d '
|
||
{
|
||
"username": "jack",
|
||
"plugins": {
|
||
"key-auth": {
|
||
"key": "auth-one"
|
||
},
|
||
"limit-count": {
|
||
"count": 2,
|
||
"time_window": 60,
|
||
"rejected_code": 503,
|
||
"key": "remote_addr"
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}'
|
||
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
|
||
Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2019 08:17:49 GMT
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
{"node":{"value":{"username":"jack","plugins":{"key-auth":{"key":"auth-one"},"limit-count":{"time_window":60,"count":2,"rejected_code":503,"key":"remote_addr","policy":"local"}}},"createdIndex":64,"key":"\/apisix\/consumers\/jack","modifiedIndex":64},"prevNode":{"value":"{\"username\":\"jack\",\"plugins\":{\"key-auth\":{\"key\":\"auth-one\"},\"limit-count\":{\"time_window\":60,\"count\":2,\"rejected_code\":503,\"key\":\"remote_addr\",\"policy\":\"local\"}}}","createdIndex":63,"key":"\/apisix\/consumers\/jack","modifiedIndex":63},"action":"set"}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
> 应答参数
|
||
|
||
目前是直接返回与 etcd 交互后的结果。
|
||
|
||
[Back to TOC](#目录)
|
||
|
||
## Upstream
|
||
|
||
*地址*:/apisix/admin/upstreams/{id}
|
||
|
||
*说明*:Upstream 是虚拟主机抽象,对给定的多个服务节点按照配置规则进行负载均衡。Upstream 的地址信息可以直接配置到 `Route`(或 `Service`) 上,当 Upstream 有重复时,就需要用“引用”方式避免重复了。
|
||
|
||
> 请求方法:
|
||
|
||
|名字 |请求 uri|请求 body|说明 |
|
||
|---------|-------------------------|--|------|
|
||
|GET |/apisix/admin/upstreams/{id}|无|获取资源|
|
||
|PUT |/apisix/admin/upstreams/{id}|{...}|根据 id 创建资源|
|
||
|POST |/apisix/admin/upstreams |{...}|创建资源,id 由后台服务自动生成|
|
||
|DELETE |/apisix/admin/upstreams/{id}|无|删除资源|
|
||
|PATCH |/apisix/admin/upstreams/{id}/{path}|{...}|修改已有 Route 的部分内容,其他不涉及部分会原样保留。|
|
||
|
||
> body 请求参数:
|
||
|
||
APISIX 的 Upstream 除了基本的复杂均衡算法选择外,还支持对上游做主被动健康检查、重试等逻辑,具体看下面表格。
|
||
|
||
|名字 |可选项 |类型 |说明 |示例|
|
||
|---------|---------|----|-----------|----|
|
||
|nodes |必需|Node|哈希表,内部元素的 key 是上游机器地址列表,格式为`地址 + Port`,其中地址部分可以是 IP 也可以是域名,比如 `192.168.1.100:80`、`foo.com:80`等。value 则是节点的权重,特别的,当权重值为 `0` 有特殊含义,通常代表该上游节点失效,永远不希望被选中。|`192.168.1.100:80`|
|
||
|type |必需|枚举|`roundrobin` 支持权重的负载,`chash` 一致性哈希,两者是二选一的|`roundrobin`||
|
||
|key |条件必需|匹配类型|该选项只有类型是 `chash` 才有效。根据 `key` 来查找对应的 node `id`,相同的 `key` 在同一个对象中,永远返回相同 id,目前支持的 Nginx 内置变量有 `uri, server_name, server_addr, request_uri, remote_port, remote_addr, query_string, host, hostname, arg_***`,其中 `arg_***` 是来自URL的请求参数,[Nginx 变量列表](http://nginx.org/en/docs/varindex.html)||
|
||
|checks |可选|health_checker|配置健康检查的参数,详细可参考[health-check](health-check.md)||
|
||
|retries |可选|整型|使用底层的 Nginx 重试机制将请求传递给下一个上游,默认不启用重试机制||
|
||
|timeout |可选|超时时间对象|设置连接、发送消息、接收消息的超时时间||
|
||
|enable_websocket |可选 |辅助|是否允许启用 websocket 能力||
|
||
|hash_on |可选 |辅助|该参数作为一致性 hash 的入参||
|
||
|desc |可选 |辅助|标识服务名称、使用场景等。||
|
||
|
||
upstream 对象 json 配置内容:
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "1", # id
|
||
"retries": 0, # 请求重试次数
|
||
"timeout": { # 设置连接、发送消息、接收消息的超时时间
|
||
"connect":15,
|
||
"send":15,
|
||
"read":15,
|
||
},
|
||
"enable_websocket": true,
|
||
"nodes": {"host:80": 100}, # 上游机器地址列表,格式为`地址 + Port`
|
||
"type":"roundrobin", # chash or roundrobin
|
||
"checks": {}, # 配置健康检查的参数
|
||
"hash_on": "",
|
||
"key": "",
|
||
"desc": "hello world", # upstream 描述
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
具体示例:
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
# 创建一个upstream
|
||
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/upstreams/100 -i -X PUT -d '
|
||
> {
|
||
> "type": "roundrobin",
|
||
> "nodes": {
|
||
> "127.0.0.1:80": 1,
|
||
> "127.0.0.2:80": 2,
|
||
> "foo.com:80": 3
|
||
> }
|
||
> }'
|
||
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
|
||
Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2019 04:19:34 GMT
|
||
Content-Type: text/plain
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
{"node":{"value":{"nodes":{"127.0.0.1:80":1,"foo.com:80":3,"127.0.0.2:80":2},"type":"roundrobin"},"createdIndex":61,"key":"\/apisix\/upstreams\/100","modifiedIndex":61},"action":"set"}
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
> 应答参数
|
||
|
||
目前是直接返回与 etcd 交互后的结果。
|
||
|
||
[Back to TOC](#目录)
|
||
|
||
## SSL
|
||
|
||
*地址*:/apisix/admin/ssl/{id}
|
||
|
||
*说明*:SSL.
|
||
|
||
> 请求方法:
|
||
|
||
|名字 |请求 uri|请求 body|说明 |
|
||
|---------|-------------------------|--|------|
|
||
|GET |/apisix/admin/ssl/{id}|无|获取资源|
|
||
|PUT |/apisix/admin/ssl/{id}|{...}|根据 id 创建资源|
|
||
|POST |/apisix/admin/ssl |{...}|创建资源,id 由后台服务自动生成|
|
||
|DELETE |/apisix/admin/ssl/{id}|无|删除资源|
|
||
|
||
> body 请求参数:
|
||
|
||
|名字 |可选项 |类型 |说明 |示例|
|
||
|---------|---------|----|-----------|----|
|
||
|cert|必需|公钥|https 证书公钥||
|
||
|key|必需|私钥|https 证书私钥||
|
||
|sni|必需|匹配规则|https 证书SNI||
|
||
|
||
ssl 对象 json 配置内容:
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "1", # id
|
||
"cert": "cert", # 公钥
|
||
"key": "key", # 私钥
|
||
"sni": "sni" # host 域名
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
[Back to TOC](#目录)
|