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271 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
271 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: prometheus
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---
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<!--
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#
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# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
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# contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
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# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
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# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
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# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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# the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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#
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# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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# limitations under the License.
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#
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-->
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此插件是提供符合 prometheus 数据格式的监控指标数据。
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## 属性
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| 名称 | 类型 | 必选项 | 默认值 | 有效值 | 描述 |
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| ------------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------- |
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| prefer_type | boolean | 可选 | false | | 设置为`true`时,Prometheus 指标中将使用路由和服务的 `name` 而不是 `id`。 |
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## 接口
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插件会增加 `/apisix/prometheus/metrics` 这个接口。
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指标默认会通过独立的服务地址暴露。
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默认情况下,这个地址是 `127.0.0.1:9091`。你可以在 `conf/config.yaml` 里面修改它,比如:
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```
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plugin_attr:
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prometheus:
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export_addr:
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ip: ${{INTRANET_IP}}
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port: 9092
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```
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假设环境变量 `INTRANET_IP` 是 `172.1.1.1`,现在 APISIX 会在 `172.1.1.1:9092` 上暴露指标。
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**在 2.6 版本之前,指标会直接暴露到数据面的端口上,你可能需要通过 [interceptors](../plugin-interceptors.md)
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来保护它。**
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如果你依然想要这样的行为,你可以这么配置:
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```
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plugin_attr:
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prometheus:
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enable_export_server: false
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```
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## 如何开启插件
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`prometheus` 插件可以使用空 {} 开启。
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注意,多个路由/服务可以设置为相同的名称,因此当设置 `prefer_name` 为 `true` 时,注意规范命名否则容易引起误解。
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例子如下:
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```shell
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curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
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{
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"uri": "/hello",
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"plugins": {
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"prometheus":{}
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},
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"upstream": {
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"type": "roundrobin",
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"nodes": {
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"127.0.0.1:80": 1
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}
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}
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}'
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```
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你可以使用浏览器打开 dashboard:`http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/dashboard/`,通过 web 界面来完成上面的操作,先增加一个 route:
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![](../../../assets/images/plugin/prometheus-1.png)
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然后在 route 页面中添加 prometheus 插件:
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![](../../../assets/images/plugin/prometheus-2.png)
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## 如何提取指标数据
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我们可以从指定的 url 中提取指标数据 `/apisix/prometheus/metrics`:
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```
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curl -i http://127.0.0.1:9091/apisix/prometheus/metrics
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```
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把该 uri 地址配置到 prometheus 中去,就会自动完成指标数据提取.
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例子如下:
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```yaml
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scrape_configs:
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- job_name: "apisix"
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metrics_path: "/apisix/prometheus/metrics"
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static_configs:
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- targets: ["127.0.0.1:9091"]
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```
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我们也可以在 prometheus 控制台中去检查状态:
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![](../../../assets/images/plugin/prometheus01.png)
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![](../../../assets/images/plugin/prometheus02.png)
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## 如何修改暴露指标的 uri
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我们可以在 `conf/config.yaml` 的 `plugin_attr` 修改默认的 uri
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| 名称 | 类型 | 默认值 | 描述 |
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| ---------- | ------ | ---------------------------- | -------------- |
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| export_uri | string | "/apisix/prometheus/metrics" | 暴露指标的 uri |
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配置示例:
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```yaml
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plugin_attr:
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prometheus:
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export_uri: /apisix/metrics
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```
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### Grafana 面板
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插件导出的指标可以在 Grafana 进行图形化绘制显示。
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下载 [Grafana dashboard 元数据](../../../assets/other/json/apisix-grafana-dashboard.json) 并导入到 Grafana 中。
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你可以到 [Grafana 官方](https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/11719) 下载 `Grafana` 元数据.
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![](../../../assets/images/plugin/grafana-1.png)
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![](../../../assets/images/plugin/grafana-2.png)
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![](../../../assets/images/plugin/grafana-3.png)
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![](../../../assets/images/plugin/grafana-4.png)
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### 可有的指标
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* `Status codes`: upstream 服务返回的 HTTP 状态码,可以统计到每个服务或所有服务的响应状态码的次数总和。具有的维度:
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| 名称 | 描述 |
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| -------------| --------------------|
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| code | upstream 服务返回的 HTTP 状态码。 |
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| route | 请求匹配的 route 的 `route_id`,未匹配,则默认为空字符串。 |
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| matched_uri | 请求匹配的 route 的 `uri`,未匹配,则默认为空字符串。 |
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| matched_host | 请求匹配的 route 的 `host`,未匹配,则默认为空字符串。 |
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| service | 与请求匹配的 route 的 `service_id`。当路由缺少 service_id 时,则默认为 `$host`。 |
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| consumer | 与请求匹配的 consumer 的 `consumer_name`。未匹配,则默认为空字符串。 |
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| node | 命中的 upstream 节点 `ip`。|
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* `Bandwidth`: 流经 APISIX 的总带宽(可分出口带宽和入口带宽),可以统计到每个服务的带宽总和。具有的维度:
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| 名称 | 描述 |
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| -------------| ------------- |
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| type | 带宽的类型(`ingress` 或 `egress`)。 |
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| route | 请求匹配的 route 的 `route_id`,未匹配,则默认为空字符串。 |
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| service | 与请求匹配的 route 的 `service_id`。当路由缺少 service_id 时,则默认为 `$host`。 |
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| consumer | 与请求匹配的 consumer 的 `consumer_name`。未匹配,则默认为空字符串。 |
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| node | 命中的 upstream 节点 `ip`。 |
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* `etcd reachability`: APISIX 连接 etcd 的可用性,用 0 和 1 来表示,`1` 表示可用,`0` 表示不可用。
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* `Connections`: 各种的 Nginx 连接指标,如 active(正处理的活动连接数),reading(nginx 读取到客户端的 Header 信息数),writing(nginx 返回给客户端的 Header 信息数),已建立的连接数。
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* `Batch process entries`: 批处理未发送数据计数器,当你使用了批处理发送插件,比如:sys logger, http logger, sls logger, tcp logger, udp logger and zipkin, 那么你将会在此指标中看到批处理当前尚未发送的数据的数量。
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* `Latency`: 每个服务的请求用时和 APISIX 处理耗时的直方图。具有的维度:
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| 名称 | 描述 |
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| -------------| ------------- |
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| type | 该值可以为`apisix`, `upstream` 和 `request`,分别表示耗时的来源为 APISIX、上游及其总和。 |
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| service | 与请求匹配的 route 的 `service_id`。当路由缺少 service_id 时,则默认为 `$host`。 |
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| consumer | 与请求匹配的 consumer 的 `consumer_name`。未匹配,则默认为空字符串。 |
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| node | 命中的 upstream 节点 `ip`。 |
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* `Info`: 当前 APISIX 节点信息。
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这里是 APISIX 的原始的指标数据集:
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```shell
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$ curl http://127.0.0.1:9091/apisix/prometheus/metrics
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# HELP apisix_bandwidth Total bandwidth in bytes consumed per service in Apisix
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# TYPE apisix_bandwidth counter
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apisix_bandwidth{type="egress",route="",service="",consumer="",node=""} 8417
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apisix_bandwidth{type="egress",route="1",service="",consumer="",node="127.0.0.1"} 1420
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apisix_bandwidth{type="egress",route="2",service="",consumer="",node="127.0.0.1"} 1420
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apisix_bandwidth{type="ingress",route="",service="",consumer="",node=""} 189
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apisix_bandwidth{type="ingress",route="1",service="",consumer="",node="127.0.0.1"} 332
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apisix_bandwidth{type="ingress",route="2",service="",consumer="",node="127.0.0.1"} 332
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# HELP apisix_etcd_modify_indexes Etcd modify index for APISIX keys
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# TYPE apisix_etcd_modify_indexes gauge
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apisix_etcd_modify_indexes{key="consumers"} 0
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apisix_etcd_modify_indexes{key="global_rules"} 0
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apisix_etcd_modify_indexes{key="max_modify_index"} 222
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apisix_etcd_modify_indexes{key="prev_index"} 35
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apisix_etcd_modify_indexes{key="protos"} 0
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apisix_etcd_modify_indexes{key="routes"} 222
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apisix_etcd_modify_indexes{key="services"} 0
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apisix_etcd_modify_indexes{key="ssls"} 0
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apisix_etcd_modify_indexes{key="stream_routes"} 0
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apisix_etcd_modify_indexes{key="upstreams"} 0
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apisix_etcd_modify_indexes{key="x_etcd_index"} 223
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# HELP apisix_batch_process_entries batch process remaining entries
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# TYPE apisix_batch_process_entries gauge
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apisix_batch_process_entries{name="http-logger",route_id="9",server_addr="127.0.0.1"} 1
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apisix_batch_process_entries{name="sls-logger",route_id="9",server_addr="127.0.0.1"} 1
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apisix_batch_process_entries{name="tcp-logger",route_id="9",server_addr="127.0.0.1"} 1
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apisix_batch_process_entries{name="udp-logger",route_id="9",server_addr="127.0.0.1"} 1
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apisix_batch_process_entries{name="sys-logger",route_id="9",server_addr="127.0.0.1"} 1
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apisix_batch_process_entries{name="zipkin_report",route_id="9",server_addr="127.0.0.1"} 1
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# HELP apisix_etcd_reachable Config server etcd reachable from Apisix, 0 is unreachable
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# TYPE apisix_etcd_reachable gauge
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apisix_etcd_reachable 1
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# HELP apisix_http_status HTTP status codes per service in Apisix
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# TYPE apisix_http_status counter
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apisix_http_status{code="200",route="1",matched_uri="/hello",matched_host="",service="",consumer="",node="127.0.0.1"} 4
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apisix_http_status{code="200",route="2",matched_uri="/world",matched_host="",service="",consumer="",node="127.0.0.1"} 4
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apisix_http_status{code="404",route="",matched_uri="",matched_host="",service="",consumer="",node=""} 1
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# HELP apisix_nginx_http_current_connections Number of HTTP connections
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# TYPE apisix_nginx_http_current_connections gauge
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apisix_nginx_http_current_connections{state="accepted"} 11994
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apisix_nginx_http_current_connections{state="active"} 2
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apisix_nginx_http_current_connections{state="handled"} 11994
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apisix_nginx_http_current_connections{state="reading"} 0
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apisix_nginx_http_current_connections{state="total"} 1191780
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apisix_nginx_http_current_connections{state="waiting"} 1
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apisix_nginx_http_current_connections{state="writing"} 1
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# HELP apisix_nginx_metric_errors_total Number of nginx-lua-prometheus errors
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# TYPE apisix_nginx_metric_errors_total counter
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apisix_nginx_metric_errors_total 0
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# HELP apisix_http_latency HTTP request latency in milliseconds per service in APISIX
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# TYPE apisix_http_latency histogram
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apisix_http_latency_bucket{type="apisix",route="1",service="",consumer="",node="127.0.0.1",le="1"} 1
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apisix_http_latency_bucket{type="apisix",route="1",service="",consumer="",node="127.0.0.1",le="2"} 1
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apisix_http_latency_bucket{type="request",route="1",service="",consumer="",node="127.0.0.1",le="1"} 1
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apisix_http_latency_bucket{type="request",route="1",service="",consumer="",node="127.0.0.1",le="2"} 1
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apisix_http_latency_bucket{type="upstream",route="1",service="",consumer="",node="127.0.0.1",le="1"} 1
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apisix_http_latency_bucket{type="upstream",route="1",service="",consumer="",node="127.0.0.1",le="2"} 1
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...
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# HELP apisix_node_info Info of APISIX node
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# TYPE apisix_node_info gauge
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apisix_node_info{hostname="desktop-2022q8f-wsl"} 1
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```
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## 禁用插件
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在插件设置页面中删除相应的 json 配置即可禁用 `prometheus` 插件。APISIX 的插件是热加载的,因此无需重启 APISIX 服务。
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```shell
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curl http://127.0.0.1:9080/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H 'X-API-KEY: edd1c9f034335f136f87ad84b625c8f1' -X PUT -d '
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{
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"uri": "/hello",
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"plugins": {},
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"upstream": {
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"type": "roundrobin",
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"nodes": {
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"127.0.0.1:80": 1
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}
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}
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}'
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```
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