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312 lines
8.0 KiB
Markdown
312 lines
8.0 KiB
Markdown
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## Notification 通知
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悬浮出现在页面角落,显示全局的通知提醒消息。
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### 基本用法
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适用性广泛的通知栏
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:::demo Notification 组件提供通知功能,Element 注册了`$notify`方法,接收一个`options`字面量参数,在最简单的情况下,你可以设置`title`字段和`message`字段,用于设置通知的标题和正文。默认情况下,经过一段时间后 Notification 组件会自动关闭,但是通过设置`duration`,可以控制关闭的时间间隔,特别的是,如果设置为`0`,则不会自动关闭。注意:`duration`接收一个`Number`,单位为毫秒,默认为`4500`。
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```html
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<template>
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<el-button
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plain
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@click="open1">
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可自动关闭
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</el-button>
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<el-button
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plain
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@click="open2">
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不会自动关闭
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</el-button>
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</template>
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<script>
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export default {
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methods: {
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open1() {
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const h = this.$createElement;
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this.$notify({
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title: '标题名称',
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message: h('i', { style: 'color: teal'}, '这是提示文案这是提示文案这是提示文案这是提示文案这是提示文案这是提示文案这是提示文案这是提示文案')
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});
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},
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open2() {
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this.$notify({
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title: '提示',
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message: '这是一条不会自动关闭的消息',
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duration: 0
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});
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}
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}
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}
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</script>
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```
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:::
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### 带有倾向性
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带有 icon,常用来显示「成功、警告、消息、错误」类的系统消息
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:::demo Element 为 Notification 组件准备了四种通知类型:`success`, `warning`, `info`, `error`。通过`type`字段来设置,除此以外的值将被忽略。同时,我们也为 Notification 的各种 type 注册了方法,可以在不传入`type`字段的情况下像`open3`和`open4`那样直接调用。
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```html
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<template>
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<el-button
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plain
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@click="open1">
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成功
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</el-button>
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<el-button
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plain
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@click="open2">
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警告
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</el-button>
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<el-button
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plain
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@click="open3">
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消息
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</el-button>
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<el-button
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plain
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@click="open4">
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错误
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</el-button>
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</template>
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<script>
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export default {
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methods: {
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open1() {
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this.$notify({
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title: '成功',
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message: '这是一条成功的提示消息',
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type: 'success'
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});
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},
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open2() {
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this.$notify({
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title: '警告',
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message: '这是一条警告的提示消息',
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type: 'warning'
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});
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},
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open3() {
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this.$notify.info({
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title: '消息',
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message: '这是一条消息的提示消息'
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});
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},
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open4() {
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this.$notify.error({
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title: '错误',
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message: '这是一条错误的提示消息'
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});
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}
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}
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}
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</script>
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```
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:::
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### 自定义弹出位置
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可以让 Notification 从屏幕四角中的任意一角弹出
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:::demo 使用`position`属性定义 Notification 的弹出位置,支持四个选项:`top-right`、`top-left`、`bottom-right`、`bottom-left`,默认为`top-right`。
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```html
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<template>
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<el-button
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plain
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@click="open1">
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右上角
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</el-button>
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<el-button
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plain
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@click="open2">
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右下角
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</el-button>
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<el-button
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plain
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@click="open3">
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左下角
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</el-button>
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<el-button
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plain
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@click="open4">
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左上角
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</el-button>
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</template>
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<script>
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export default {
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methods: {
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open1() {
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this.$notify({
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title: '自定义位置',
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message: '右上角弹出的消息'
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});
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},
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open2() {
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this.$notify({
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title: '自定义位置',
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message: '右下角弹出的消息',
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position: 'bottom-right'
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});
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},
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open3() {
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this.$notify({
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title: '自定义位置',
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message: '左下角弹出的消息',
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position: 'bottom-left'
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});
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},
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open4() {
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this.$notify({
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title: '自定义位置',
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message: '左上角弹出的消息',
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position: 'top-left'
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});
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}
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}
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}
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</script>
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```
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:::
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### 带有偏移
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让 Notification 偏移一些位置
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:::demo Notification 提供设置偏移量的功能,通过设置 `offset` 字段,可以使弹出的消息距屏幕边缘偏移一段距离。注意在同一时刻,所有的 Notification 实例应当具有一个相同的偏移量。
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```html
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<template>
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<el-button
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plain
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@click="open">
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偏移的消息
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</el-button>
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</template>
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<script>
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export default {
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methods: {
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open() {
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this.$notify({
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title: '偏移',
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message: '这是一条带有偏移的提示消息',
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offset: 100
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});
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}
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}
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}
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</script>
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```
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:::
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### 使用 HTML 片段
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`message` 属性支持传入 HTML 片段
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:::demo 将`dangerouslyUseHTMLString`属性设置为 true,`message` 就会被当作 HTML 片段处理。
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```html
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<template>
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<el-button
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plain
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@click="open">
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使用 HTML 片段
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</el-button>
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</template>
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<script>
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export default {
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methods: {
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open() {
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this.$notify({
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title: 'HTML 片段',
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dangerouslyUseHTMLString: true,
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message: '<strong>这是 <i>HTML</i> 片段</strong>'
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});
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}
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}
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}
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</script>
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```
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:::
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:::warning
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`message` 属性虽然支持传入 HTML 片段,但是在网站上动态渲染任意 HTML 是非常危险的,因为容易导致 [XSS 攻击](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting)。因此在 `dangerouslyUseHTMLString` 打开的情况下,请确保 `message` 的内容是可信的,**永远不要**将用户提交的内容赋值给 `message` 属性。
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:::
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### 隐藏关闭按钮
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可以不显示关闭按钮
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:::demo 将`showClose`属性设置为`false`即可隐藏关闭按钮。
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```html
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<template>
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<el-button
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plain
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@click="open">
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隐藏关闭按钮
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</el-button>
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</template>
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<script>
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export default {
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methods: {
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open() {
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this.$notify.success({
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title: 'Info',
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message: '这是一条没有关闭按钮的消息',
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showClose: false
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});
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}
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}
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}
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</script>
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```
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:::
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### 全局方法
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Element 为 `Vue.prototype` 添加了全局方法 `$notify`。因此在 vue instance 中可以采用本页面中的方式调用 Notification。
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### 单独引用
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单独引入 Notification:
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```javascript
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import { Notification } from 'element-ui';
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```
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此时调用方法为 `Notification(options)`。我们也为每个 type 定义了各自的方法,如 `Notification.success(options)`。并且可以调用 `Notification.closeAll()` 手动关闭所有实例。
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### Options
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| 参数 | 说明 | 类型 | 可选值 | 默认值 |
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|---------- |-------------- |---------- |-------------------------------- |-------- |
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| title | 标题 | string | — | — |
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| message | 说明文字 | string/Vue.VNode | — | — |
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| dangerouslyUseHTMLString | 是否将 message 属性作为 HTML 片段处理 | boolean | — | false |
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| type | 主题样式,如果不在可选值内将被忽略 | string | success/warning/info/error | — |
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| iconClass | 自定义图标的类名。若设置了 `type`,则 `iconClass` 会被覆盖 | string | — | — |
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| customClass | 自定义类名 | string | — | — |
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| duration | 显示时间, 毫秒。设为 0 则不会自动关闭 | number | — | 4500 |
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| position | 自定义弹出位置 | string | top-right/top-left/bottom-right/bottom-left | top-right |
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| showClose | 是否显示关闭按钮 | boolean | — | true |
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| onClose | 关闭时的回调函数 | function | — | — |
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| onClick | 点击 Notification 时的回调函数 | function | — | — |
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| offset | 偏移的距离,在同一时刻,所有的 Notification 实例应当具有一个相同的偏移量 | number | — | 0 |
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### 方法
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调用 `Notification` 或 `this.$notify` 会返回当前 Notification 的实例。如果需要手动关闭实例,可以调用它的 `close` 方法。
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| 方法名 | 说明 |
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| ---- | ---- |
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| close | 关闭当前的 Notification |
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