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330 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
330 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
## MessageBox
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A set of modal boxes simulating system message box, mainly for alerting information, confirm operations and prompting messages.
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:::tip
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By design MessageBox provides simulations of system's `alert`, `confirm` and `prompt`，so it's content should be simple. For more complicated contents, please use Dialog.
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:::
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### Alert
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Alert interrupts user operation until the user confirms.
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:::demo Open an alert by calling the `$alert` method. It simulates the system's `alert`, and cannot be closed by pressing ESC or clicking outside the box. In this example, two parameters `message` and `title` are received. It is worth mentioning that when the box is closed, it returns a `Promise` object for further processing. If you are not sure if your target browsers support `Promise`, you should import a third party polyfill or use callbacks instead like this example.
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```html
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<template>
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<el-button type="text" @click="open">Click to open the Message Box</el-button>
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</template>
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<script>
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export default {
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methods: {
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open() {
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this.$alert('This is a message', 'Title', {
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confirmButtonText: 'OK',
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callback: action => {
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this.$message({
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type: 'info',
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message: `action: ${ action }`
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});
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}
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});
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}
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}
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}
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</script>
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```
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:::
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### Confirm
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Confirm is used to ask users' confirmation.
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:::demo Call `$confirm` method to open a confirm, and it simulates the system's `confirm`. We can also highly customize Message Box by passing a third attribute `options` which is a literal object. The attribute `type` indicates the message type, and it's value can be `success`, `error`, `info` and `warning`. Note that the second attribute `title` must be a `string`, and if it is an `object`, it will be handled as the attribute `options`. Here we use `Promise` to handle further processing.
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```html
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<template>
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<el-button type="text" @click="open">Click to open the Message Box</el-button>
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</template>
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<script>
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export default {
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methods: {
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open() {
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this.$confirm('This will permanently delete the file. Continue?', 'Warning', {
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confirmButtonText: 'OK',
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cancelButtonText: 'Cancel',
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type: 'warning'
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}).then(() => {
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this.$message({
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type: 'success',
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message: 'Delete completed'
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});
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}).catch(() => {
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this.$message({
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type: 'info',
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message: 'Delete canceled'
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});
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});
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}
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}
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}
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</script>
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```
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:::
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### Prompt
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Prompt is used when user input is required.
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:::demo Call `$prompt` method to open a prompt, and it simulates the system's `prompt`. You can use `inputPattern` parameter to specify your own RegExp pattern. Use `inputValidator` to specify validation method, and it should return `Boolean` or `String`. Returning `false` or `String` means the validation has failed, and the string returned will be used as the `inputErrorMessage`. In addition, you can customize the placeholder of the input box with `inputPlaceholder` parameter.
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```html
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<template>
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<el-button type="text" @click="open">Click to open Message Box</el-button>
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</template>
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<script>
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export default {
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methods: {
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open() {
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this.$prompt('Please input your e-mail', 'Tip', {
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confirmButtonText: 'OK',
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cancelButtonText: 'Cancel',
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inputPattern: /[\w!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+(?:\.[\w!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+)*@(?:[\w](?:[\w-]*[\w])?\.)+[\w](?:[\w-]*[\w])?/,
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inputErrorMessage: 'Invalid Email'
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}).then(({ value }) => {
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this.$message({
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type: 'success',
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message: 'Your email is:' + value
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});
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}).catch(() => {
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this.$message({
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type: 'info',
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message: 'Input canceled'
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});
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});
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}
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}
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}
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</script>
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```
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:::
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### Customization
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Can be customized to show various content.
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:::demo The three methods mentioned above are repackagings of the `$msgbox` method. This example calls `$msgbox` method directly using the `showCancelButton` attribute, which is used to indicate if a cancel button is displayed. Besides we can use `cancelButtonClass` to add a custom style and `cancelButtonText` to customize the button text (the confirm button also has these fields, and a complete list of fields can be found at the end of this documentation). This example also uses the `beforeClose` attribute. It is a method and will be triggered when the MessageBox instance will be closed, and its execution will stop the instance from closing. It has three parameters: `action`, `instance` and `done`. Using it enables you to manipulate the instance before it closes, e.g. activating `loading` for confirm button; you can invoke the `done` method to close the MessageBox instance (if `done` is not called inside `beforeClose`, the instance will not be closed).
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```html
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<template>
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<el-button type="text" @click="open">Click to open Message Box</el-button>
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</template>
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<script>
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import { h } from 'vue';
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export default {
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methods: {
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open() {
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this.$msgbox({
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title: 'Message',
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message: h('p', null, [
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h('span', null, 'Message can be '),
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h('i', { style: 'color: teal' }, 'VNode')
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]),
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showCancelButton: true,
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confirmButtonText: 'OK',
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cancelButtonText: 'Cancel',
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beforeClose: (action, instance, done) => {
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if (action === 'confirm') {
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instance.confirmButtonLoading = true;
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instance.confirmButtonText = 'Loading...';
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setTimeout(() => {
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done();
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setTimeout(() => {
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instance.confirmButtonLoading = false;
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}, 300);
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}, 3000);
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} else {
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done();
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}
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}
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}).then(action => {
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this.$message({
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type: 'info',
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message: 'action: ' + action
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});
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});
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},
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}
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}
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</script>
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```
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:::
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:::tip
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The content of MessageBox can be `VNode`, allowing us to pass custom components. When opening the MessageBox, Vue compares new `VNode` with old `VNode`, then figures out how to efficiently update the UI, so the components may not be completely re-rendered ([#8931](https://github.com/ElemeFE/element/issues/8931)). In this case, you can add a unique key to `VNode` each time MessageBox opens: [example](https://jsfiddle.net/zhiyang/ezmhq2ef).
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:::
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### Use HTML String
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`message` supports HTML string.
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:::demo Set `dangerouslyUseHTMLString` to true and `message` will be treated as an HTML string.
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```html
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<template>
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<el-button type="text" @click="open">Click to open Message Box</el-button>
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</template>
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<script>
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export default {
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methods: {
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open() {
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this.$alert('<strong>This is <i>HTML</i> string</strong>', 'HTML String', {
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dangerouslyUseHTMLString: true
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});
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}
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}
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}
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</script>
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```
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:::
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:::warning
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Although `message` property supports HTML strings, dynamically rendering arbitrary HTML on your website can be very dangerous because it can easily lead to [XSS attacks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting). So when `dangerouslyUseHTMLString` is on, please make sure the content of `message` is trusted, and **never** assign `message` to user-provided content.
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:::
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### Distinguishing cancel and close
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In some cases, clicking the cancel button and close button may have different meanings.
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:::demo By default, the parameters of Promise's reject callback and `callback` are 'cancel' when the user cancels (clicking the cancel button) and closes (clicking the close button or mask layer, pressing the ESC key) the MessageBox. If `distinguishCancelAndClose` is set to true, the parameters of the above two operations are 'cancel' and 'close' respectively.
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```html
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<template>
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<el-button type="text" @click="open">Click to open Message Box</el-button>
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</template>
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<script>
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export default {
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methods: {
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open() {
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this.$confirm('You have unsaved changes, save and proceed?', 'Confirm', {
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distinguishCancelAndClose: true,
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confirmButtonText: 'Save',
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cancelButtonText: 'Discard Changes'
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})
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.then(() => {
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this.$message({
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type: 'info',
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message: 'Changes saved. Proceeding to a new route.'
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});
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})
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.catch(action => {
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this.$message({
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type: 'info',
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message: action === 'cancel'
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? 'Changes discarded. Proceeding to a new route.'
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: 'Stay in the current route'
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})
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});
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}
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}
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}
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</script>
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```
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:::
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### Centered content
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Content of MessageBox can be centered.
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:::demo Setting `center` to `true` will center the content
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```html
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<template>
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<el-button type="text" @click="open">Click to open Message Box</el-button>
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</template>
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<script>
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export default {
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methods: {
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open() {
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this.$confirm('This will permanently delete the file. Continue?', 'Warning', {
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confirmButtonText: 'OK',
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cancelButtonText: 'Cancel',
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type: 'warning',
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center: true
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}).then(() => {
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this.$message({
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type: 'success',
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message: 'Delete completed'
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});
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}).catch(() => {
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this.$message({
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type: 'info',
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message: 'Delete canceled'
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});
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});
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}
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}
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}
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</script>
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```
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:::
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### Global method
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If Element Plus is fully imported, it will add the following global methods for `app.config.globalProperties`: `$msgbox`, `$alert`, `$confirm` and `$prompt`. So in a Vue instance you can call `MessageBox` like what we did in this page. The parameters are:
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- `$msgbox(options)`
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- `$alert(message, title, options)` or `$alert(message, options)`
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- `$confirm(message, title, options)` or `$confirm(message, options)`
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- `$prompt(message, title, options)` or `$prompt(message, options)`
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### Local import
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If you prefer importing `MessageBox` on demand:
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```javascript
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import { ElMessageBox } from 'element-plus';
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```
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The corresponding methods are: `ElMessageBox`, `ElMessageBox.alert`, `ElMessageBox.confirm` and `ElMessageBox.prompt`. The parameters are the same as above.
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### Options
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| Attribute | Description | Type | Accepted Values | Default |
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|---------- |-------------- |---------- |-------------------------------- |-------- |
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| title | title of the MessageBox | string | — | — |
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| message | content of the MessageBox | string | — | — |
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| dangerouslyUseHTMLString | whether `message` is treated as HTML string | boolean | — | false |
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| type | message type, used for icon display | string | success / info / warning / error | — |
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| iconClass | custom icon's class, overrides `type` | string | — | — |
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| customClass | custom class name for MessageBox | string | — | — |
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| callback | MessageBox closing callback if you don't prefer Promise | function(action), where action can be 'confirm', 'cancel' or 'close', and `instance` is the MessageBox instance. You can access to that instance's attributes and methods | — | — |
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| showClose | whether to show close icon of MessageBox | boolean | — | true |
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| beforeClose | callback before MessageBox closes, and it will prevent MessageBox from closing | function(action, instance, done), where `action` can be 'confirm', 'cancel' or 'close'; `instance` is the MessageBox instance, and you can access to that instance's attributes and methods; `done` is for closing the instance | — | — |
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| distinguishCancelAndClose | whether to distinguish canceling and closing the MessageBox | boolean | — | false |
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| lockScroll | whether to lock body scroll when MessageBox prompts | boolean | — | true |
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| showCancelButton | whether to show a cancel button | boolean | — | false (true when called with confirm and prompt) |
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| showConfirmButton | whether to show a confirm button | boolean | — | true |
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| cancelButtonText | text content of cancel button | string | — | Cancel |
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| confirmButtonText | text content of confirm button | string | — | OK |
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| cancelButtonClass | custom class name of cancel button | string | — | — |
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| confirmButtonClass | custom class name of confirm button | string | — | — |
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| closeOnClickModal | whether MessageBox can be closed by clicking the mask | boolean | — | true (false when called with alert) |
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| closeOnPressEscape | whether MessageBox can be closed by pressing the ESC | boolean | — | true (false when called with alert) |
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| closeOnHashChange | whether to close MessageBox when hash changes | boolean | — | true |
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| showInput | whether to show an input | boolean | — | false (true when called with prompt) |
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| inputPlaceholder | placeholder of input | string | — | — |
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| inputType | type of input | string | — | text |
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| inputValue | initial value of input | string | — | — |
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| inputPattern | regexp for the input | regexp | — | — |
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| inputValidator | validation function for the input. Should returns a boolean or string. If a string is returned, it will be assigned to inputErrorMessage | function | — | — |
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| inputErrorMessage | error message when validation fails | string | — | Illegal input |
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| center | whether to align the content in center | boolean | — | false |
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| roundButton | whether to use round button | boolean | — | false |
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