element/form.md at 7e8a00d2ea69c2a4515cfdb798d753136fea712d

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Form

Form consists of input, radio, select, checkbox and so on. With form, you can collect, verify and submit data.

Basic form

It includes all kinds of input items, such as input, select, radio and checkbox.

:::demo In each form component, you need a form-item field to be the container of your input item.

<el-form ref="form" :model="form" label-width="120px">
  <el-form-item label="Activity name">
    <el-input v-model="form.name"></el-input>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Activity zone">
    <el-select v-model="form.region" placeholder="please select your zone">
      <el-option label="Zone one" value="shanghai"></el-option>
      <el-option label="Zone two" value="beijing"></el-option>
    </el-select>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Activity time">
    <el-col :span="11">
      <el-date-picker type="date" placeholder="Pick a date" v-model="form.date1" style="width: 100%;"></el-date-picker>
    </el-col>
    <el-col class="line" :span="2">-</el-col>
    <el-col :span="11">
      <el-time-picker type="fixed-time" placeholder="Pick a time" v-model="form.date2" style="width: 100%;"></el-time-picker>
    </el-col>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Instant delivery">
    <el-switch v-model="form.delivery"></el-switch>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Activity type">
    <el-checkbox-group v-model="form.type">
      <el-checkbox label="Online activities" name="type"></el-checkbox>
      <el-checkbox label="Promotion activities" name="type"></el-checkbox>
      <el-checkbox label="Offline activities" name="type"></el-checkbox>
      <el-checkbox label="Simple brand exposure" name="type"></el-checkbox>
    </el-checkbox-group>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Resources">
    <el-radio-group v-model="form.resource">
      <el-radio label="Sponsor"></el-radio>
      <el-radio label="Venue"></el-radio>
    </el-radio-group>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Activity form">
    <el-input type="textarea" v-model="form.desc"></el-input>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item>
    <el-button type="primary" @click="onSubmit">Create</el-button>
    <el-button>Cancel</el-button>
  </el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
  export default {
    data() {
      return {
        form: {
          name: '',
          region: '',
          date1: '',
          date2: '',
          delivery: false,
          type: [],
          resource: '',
          desc: ''
        }
      }
    },
    methods: {
      onSubmit() {
        console.log('submit!');
      }
    }
  }
</script>

:::

:::tip W3C regulates that

When there is only one single-line text input field in a form, the user agent should accept Enter in that field as a request to submit the form.

To prevent this behavior, you can add @submit.native.prevent on <el-form>. :::

Inline form

When the vertical space is limited and the form is relatively simple, you can put it in one line.

:::demo Set the inline attribute to true and the form will be inline.

<el-form :inline="true" :model="formInline" class="demo-form-inline">
  <el-form-item label="Approved by">
    <el-input v-model="formInline.user" placeholder="Approved by"></el-input>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Activity zone">
    <el-select v-model="formInline.region" placeholder="Activity zone">
      <el-option label="Zone one" value="shanghai"></el-option>
      <el-option label="Zone two" value="beijing"></el-option>
    </el-select>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item>
    <el-button type="primary" @click="onSubmit">Query</el-button>
  </el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
  export default {
    data() {
      return {
        formInline: {
          user: '',
          region: ''
        }
      }
    },
    methods: {
      onSubmit() {
        console.log('submit!');
      }
    }
  }
</script>

:::

Alignment

Depending on your design, there are several different ways to align your label element.

:::demo The label-position attribute decides how labels align, it can be top or left. When set to top, labels will be placed at the top of the form field.

<el-radio-group v-model="labelPosition" size="small">
  <el-radio-button label="left">Left</el-radio-button>
  <el-radio-button label="right">Right</el-radio-button>
  <el-radio-button label="top">Top</el-radio-button>
</el-radio-group>
<div style="margin: 20px;"></div>
<el-form :label-position="labelPosition" label-width="100px" :model="formLabelAlign">
  <el-form-item label="Name">
    <el-input v-model="formLabelAlign.name"></el-input>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Activity zone">
    <el-input v-model="formLabelAlign.region"></el-input>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Activity form">
    <el-input v-model="formLabelAlign.type"></el-input>
  </el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
  export default {
    data() {
      return {
        labelPosition: 'right',
        formLabelAlign: {
          name: '',
          region: '',
          type: ''
        }
      };
    }
  }
</script>

:::

Validation

Form component allows you to verify your data, helping you find and correct errors.

:::demo Just add the rules attribute for Form component, pass validation rules, and set prop attribute for Form-Item as a specific key that needs to be validated. See more information at async-validator.

<el-form :model="ruleForm" :rules="rules" ref="ruleForm" label-width="120px" class="demo-ruleForm">
  <el-form-item label="Activity name" prop="name">
    <el-input v-model="ruleForm.name"></el-input>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Activity zone" prop="region">
    <el-select v-model="ruleForm.region" placeholder="Activity zone">
      <el-option label="Zone one" value="shanghai"></el-option>
      <el-option label="Zone two" value="beijing"></el-option>
    </el-select>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Activity time" required>
    <el-col :span="11">
      <el-form-item prop="date1">
        <el-date-picker type="date" placeholder="Pick a date" v-model="ruleForm.date1" style="width: 100%;"></el-date-picker>
      </el-form-item>
    </el-col>
    <el-col class="line" :span="2">-</el-col>
    <el-col :span="11">
      <el-form-item prop="date2">
        <el-time-picker type="fixed-time" placeholder="Pick a time" v-model="ruleForm.date2" style="width: 100%;"></el-time-picker>
      </el-form-item>
    </el-col>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Instant delivery" prop="delivery">
    <el-switch v-model="ruleForm.delivery"></el-switch>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Activity type" prop="type">
    <el-checkbox-group v-model="ruleForm.type">
      <el-checkbox label="Online activities" name="type"></el-checkbox>
      <el-checkbox label="Promotion activities" name="type"></el-checkbox>
      <el-checkbox label="Offline activities" name="type"></el-checkbox>
      <el-checkbox label="Simple brand exposure" name="type"></el-checkbox>
    </el-checkbox-group>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Resources" prop="resource">
    <el-radio-group v-model="ruleForm.resource">
      <el-radio label="Sponsorship"></el-radio>
      <el-radio label="Venue"></el-radio>
    </el-radio-group>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Activity form" prop="desc">
    <el-input type="textarea" v-model="ruleForm.desc"></el-input>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item>
    <el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('ruleForm')">Create</el-button>
    <el-button @click="resetForm('ruleForm')">Reset</el-button>
  </el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
  export default {
    data() {
      return {
        ruleForm: {
          name: '',
          region: '',
          date1: '',
          date2: '',
          delivery: false,
          type: [],
          resource: '',
          desc: ''
        },
        rules: {
          name: [
            { required: true, message: 'Please input Activity name', trigger: 'blur' },
            { min: 3, max: 5, message: 'Length should be 3 to 5', trigger: 'blur' }
          ],
          region: [
            { required: true, message: 'Please select Activity zone', trigger: 'change' }
          ],
          date1: [
            { type: 'date', required: true, message: 'Please pick a date', trigger: 'change' }
          ],
          date2: [
            { type: 'date', required: true, message: 'Please pick a time', trigger: 'change' }
          ],
          type: [
            { type: 'array', required: true, message: 'Please select at least one activity type', trigger: 'change' }
          ],
          resource: [
            { required: true, message: 'Please select activity resource', trigger: 'change' }
          ],
          desc: [
            { required: true, message: 'Please input activity form', trigger: 'blur' }
          ]
        }
      };
    },
    methods: {
      submitForm(formName) {
        this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
          if (valid) {
            alert('submit!');
          } else {
            console.log('error submit!!');
            return false;
          }
        });
      },
      resetForm(formName) {
        this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
      }
    }
  }
</script>

:::

Custom validation rules

This example shows how to customize your own validation rules to finish a two-factor password verification.

:::demo Here we use status-icon to reflect validation result as an icon.

<el-form :model="ruleForm2" status-icon :rules="rules2" ref="ruleForm2" label-width="120px" class="demo-ruleForm">
  <el-form-item label="Password" prop="pass">
    <el-input type="password" v-model="ruleForm2.pass" auto-complete="off"></el-input>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Confirm" prop="checkPass">
    <el-input type="password" v-model="ruleForm2.checkPass" auto-complete="off"></el-input>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Age" prop="age">
    <el-input v-model.number="ruleForm2.age"></el-input>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item>
    <el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('ruleForm2')">Submit</el-button>
    <el-button @click="resetForm('ruleForm2')">Reset</el-button>
  </el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
  export default {
    data() {
      var checkAge = (rule, value, callback) => {
        if (!value) {
          return callback(new Error('Please input the age'));
        }
        setTimeout(() => {
          if (!Number.isInteger(value)) {
            callback(new Error('Please input digits'));
          } else {
            if (value < 18) {
              callback(new Error('Age must be greater than 18'));
            } else {
              callback();
            }
          }
        }, 1000);
      };
      var validatePass = (rule, value, callback) => {
        if (value === '') {
          callback(new Error('Please input the password'));
        } else {
          if (this.ruleForm2.checkPass !== '') {
            this.$refs.ruleForm2.validateField('checkPass');
          }
          callback();
        }
      };
      var validatePass2 = (rule, value, callback) => {
        if (value === '') {
          callback(new Error('Please input the password again'));
        } else if (value !== this.ruleForm2.pass) {
          callback(new Error('Two inputs don\'t match!'));
        } else {
          callback();
        }
      };
      return {
        ruleForm2: {
          pass: '',
          checkPass: '',
          age: ''
        },
        rules2: {
          pass: [
            { validator: validatePass, trigger: 'blur' }
          ],
          checkPass: [
            { validator: validatePass2, trigger: 'blur' }
          ],
          age: [
            { validator: checkAge, trigger: 'blur' }
          ]
        }
      };
    },
    methods: {
      submitForm(formName) {
        this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
          if (valid) {
            alert('submit!');
          } else {
            console.log('error submit!!');
            return false;
          }
        });
      },
      resetForm(formName) {
        this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
      }
    }
  }
</script>

:::

Delete or add form items dynamically

:::demo In addition to passing all validation rules at once on the form component, you can also pass the validation rules or delete rules on a single form field dynamically.

<el-form :model="dynamicValidateForm" ref="dynamicValidateForm" label-width="120px" class="demo-dynamic">
  <el-form-item
    prop="email"
    label="Email"
    :rules="[
      { required: true, message: 'Please input email address', trigger: 'blur' },
      { type: 'email', message: 'Please input correct email address', trigger: 'blur,change' }
    ]"
  >
    <el-input v-model="dynamicValidateForm.email"></el-input>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item
    v-for="(domain, index) in dynamicValidateForm.domains"
    :label="'Domain' + index"
    :key="domain.key"
    :prop="'domains.' + index + '.value'"
    :rules="{
      required: true, message: 'domain can not be null', trigger: 'blur'
    }"
  >
    <el-input v-model="domain.value"></el-input><el-button @click.prevent="removeDomain(domain)">Delete</el-button>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item>
    <el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('dynamicValidateForm')">Submit</el-button>
    <el-button @click="addDomain">New domain</el-button>
    <el-button @click="resetForm('dynamicValidateForm')">Reset</el-button>
  </el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
  export default {
    data() {
      return {
        dynamicValidateForm: {
          domains: [{
            key: 1,
            value: ''
          }],
          email: ''
        }
      };
    },
    methods: {
      submitForm(formName) {
        this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
          if (valid) {
            alert('submit!');
          } else {
            console.log('error submit!!');
            return false;
          }
        });
      },
      resetForm(formName) {
        this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
      },
      removeDomain(item) {
        var index = this.dynamicValidateForm.domains.indexOf(item);
        if (index !== -1) {
          this.dynamicValidateForm.domains.splice(index, 1);
        }
      },
      addDomain() {
        this.dynamicValidateForm.domains.push({
          key: Date.now(),
          value: ''
        });
      }
    }
  }
</script>

:::

Number Validate

::: demo Number Validate need a .number modifier added on the input v-model binding，it's used to transform the string value to the number which is provided by Vuejs.

<el-form :model="numberValidateForm" ref="numberValidateForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm">
  <el-form-item
    label="age"
    prop="age"
    :rules="[
      { required: true, message: 'age is required'},
      { type: 'number', message: 'age must be a number'}
    ]"
  >
    <el-input type="age" v-model.number="numberValidateForm.age" auto-complete="off"></el-input>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item>
    <el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('numberValidateForm')">Submit</el-button>
    <el-button @click="resetForm('numberValidateForm')">Reset</el-button>
  </el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
  export default {
    data() {
      return {
        numberValidateForm: {
          age: ''
        }
      };
    },
    methods: {
      submitForm(formName) {
        this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
          if (valid) {
            alert('submit!');
          } else {
            console.log('error submit!!');
            return false;
          }
        });
      },
      resetForm(formName) {
        this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
      }
    }
  }
</script>

:::

:::tip When an el-form-item is nested in another el-form-item, its label width will be 0. You can set label-width on that el-form-item if needed. :::

Size control

All components in a Form inherit their size attribute from that Form. Similarly, FormItem also has a size attribute.

::: demo Still you can fine tune each component's size if you don't want that component to inherit its size from From or FormIten.

<el-form ref="form" :model="sizeForm" label-width="120px" size="mini">
  <el-form-item label="Activity name">
    <el-input v-model="sizeForm.name"></el-input>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Activity zone">
    <el-select v-model="sizeForm.region" placeholder="please select your zone">
      <el-option label="Zone one" value="shanghai"></el-option>
      <el-option label="Zone two" value="beijing"></el-option>
    </el-select>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Activity time">
    <el-col :span="11">
      <el-date-picker type="date" placeholder="Pick a date" v-model="sizeForm.date1" style="width: 100%;"></el-date-picker>
    </el-col>
    <el-col class="line" :span="2">-</el-col>
    <el-col :span="11">
      <el-time-picker type="fixed-time" placeholder="Pick a time" v-model="sizeForm.date2" style="width: 100%;"></el-time-picker>
    </el-col>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Activity type">
    <el-checkbox-group v-model="sizeForm.type">
      <el-checkbox-button label="Online activities" name="type"></el-checkbox-button>
      <el-checkbox-button label="Promotion activities" name="type"></el-checkbox-button>
    </el-checkbox-group>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item label="Resources">
    <el-radio-group v-model="sizeForm.resource" size="medium">
      <el-radio border label="Sponsor"></el-radio>
      <el-radio border label="Venue"></el-radio>
    </el-radio-group>
  </el-form-item>
  <el-form-item size="large">
    <el-button type="primary" @click="onSubmit">Create</el-button>
    <el-button>Cancel</el-button>
  </el-form-item>
</el-form>

<script>
  export default {
    data() {
      return {
        sizeForm: {
          name: '',
          region: '',
          date1: '',
          date2: '',
          delivery: false,
          type: [],
          resource: '',
          desc: ''
        }
      };
    },
    methods: {
      onSubmit() {
        console.log('submit!');
      }
    }
  };
</script>

:::

Form Attributes

Attribute	Description	Type	Accepted Values	Default
model	data of form component	object	—	—
rules	validation rules of form	object	—	—
inline	whether the form is inline	boolean	—	false
label-position	position of label	string	left / right / top	right
label-width	width of label, and all its direct child form items will inherit this value	string	—	—
label-suffix	suffix of the label	string	—	—
show-message	whether to show the error message	boolean	—	true
inline-message	whether to display the error message inline with the form item	boolean	—	false
status-icon	whether to display an icon indicating the validation result	boolean	—	false
size	control the size of components in this form	string	medium / small / mini	-

Form Methods

Method	Description	Parameters
validate	the method to validate the whole form. Returns a promise if callback is omitted	Function(callback: Function(boolean))
validateField	the method to validate a certain form item	Function(prop: string, callback: Function(errorMessage: string))
resetFields	reset all the fields and remove validation result	—
clearValidate	clear validation message for all fields	-

Form-Item Attributes

Attribute	Description	Type	Accepted Values	Default
prop	a key of `model`. In the use of validate and resetFields method, the attribute is required	string	keys of model that passed to `form`
label	label	string	—	—
label-width	width of label, e.g. '50px'	string	—	—
required	whether the field is required or not, will be determined by validation rules if omitted	string	—	false
rules	validation rules of form	object	—	—
error	field error message, set its value and the field will validate error and show this message immediately	string	—	—
show-message	whether to show the error message	boolean	—	true
inline-message	inline style validate message	boolean	—	false
size	control the size of components in this form-item	string	medium / small / mini	-

Form-Item Slot

Name	Description
—	content of Form Item
label	content of label

Form-Item Methods

Method	Description	Parameters
resetField	reset current field and remove validation result	—

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