gf/database/gdb/gdb.go

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// Copyright GoFrame Author(https://goframe.org). All Rights Reserved.
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//
// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
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// Package gdb provides ORM features for popular relationship databases.
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package gdb
import (
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"context"
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"database/sql"
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"fmt"
"time"
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"github.com/gogf/gf/v2/container/garray"
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"github.com/gogf/gf/v2/container/gmap"
"github.com/gogf/gf/v2/container/gtype"
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"github.com/gogf/gf/v2/container/gvar"
"github.com/gogf/gf/v2/errors/gcode"
"github.com/gogf/gf/v2/errors/gerror"
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"github.com/gogf/gf/v2/os/gcache"
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"github.com/gogf/gf/v2/os/gcmd"
"github.com/gogf/gf/v2/os/gctx"
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"github.com/gogf/gf/v2/os/glog"
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"github.com/gogf/gf/v2/util/grand"
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"github.com/gogf/gf/v2/util/gutil"
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)
// DB defines the interfaces for ORM operations.
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type DB interface {
// ===========================================================================
// Model creation.
// ===========================================================================
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// Model creates and returns a new ORM model from given schema.
// The parameter `table` can be more than one table names, and also alias name, like:
// 1. Model names:
// Model("user")
// Model("user u")
// Model("user, user_detail")
// Model("user u, user_detail ud")
// 2. Model name with alias: Model("user", "u")
// Also see Core.Model.
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Model(tableNameOrStruct ...interface{}) *Model
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// Raw creates and returns a model based on a raw sql not a table.
Raw(rawSql string, args ...interface{}) *Model
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// Schema creates and returns a schema.
// Also see Core.Schema.
Schema(schema string) *Schema
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// With creates and returns an ORM model based on metadata of given object.
// Also see Core.With.
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With(objects ...interface{}) *Model
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// Open creates a raw connection object for database with given node configuration.
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// Note that it is not recommended using the function manually.
// Also see DriverMysql.Open.
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Open(config *ConfigNode) (*sql.DB, error)
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// Ctx is a chaining function, which creates and returns a new DB that is a shallow copy
// of current DB object and with given context in it.
// Also see Core.Ctx.
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Ctx(ctx context.Context) DB
// Close closes the database and prevents new queries from starting.
// Close then waits for all queries that have started processing on the server
// to finish.
//
// It is rare to Close a DB, as the DB handle is meant to be
// long-lived and shared between many goroutines.
Close(ctx context.Context) error
// ===========================================================================
// Query APIs.
// ===========================================================================
Query(ctx context.Context, sql string, args ...interface{}) (Result, error) // See Core.Query.
Exec(ctx context.Context, sql string, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error) // See Core.Exec.
Prepare(ctx context.Context, sql string, execOnMaster ...bool) (*Stmt, error) // See Core.Prepare.
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// ===========================================================================
// Common APIs for CURD.
// ===========================================================================
Insert(ctx context.Context, table string, data interface{}, batch ...int) (sql.Result, error) // See Core.Insert.
InsertIgnore(ctx context.Context, table string, data interface{}, batch ...int) (sql.Result, error) // See Core.InsertIgnore.
InsertAndGetId(ctx context.Context, table string, data interface{}, batch ...int) (int64, error) // See Core.InsertAndGetId.
Replace(ctx context.Context, table string, data interface{}, batch ...int) (sql.Result, error) // See Core.Replace.
Save(ctx context.Context, table string, data interface{}, batch ...int) (sql.Result, error) // See Core.Save.
Update(ctx context.Context, table string, data interface{}, condition interface{}, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error) // See Core.Update.
Delete(ctx context.Context, table string, condition interface{}, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error) // See Core.Delete.
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// ===========================================================================
// Internal APIs for CURD, which can be overwritten by custom CURD implements.
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// ===========================================================================
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DoSelect(ctx context.Context, link Link, sql string, args ...interface{}) (result Result, err error) // See Core.DoSelect.
DoInsert(ctx context.Context, link Link, table string, data List, option DoInsertOption) (result sql.Result, err error) // See Core.DoInsert.
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DoUpdate(ctx context.Context, link Link, table string, data interface{}, condition string, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error) // See Core.DoUpdate.
DoDelete(ctx context.Context, link Link, table string, condition string, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error) // See Core.DoDelete.
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DoQuery(ctx context.Context, link Link, sql string, args ...interface{}) (result Result, err error) // See Core.DoQuery.
DoExec(ctx context.Context, link Link, sql string, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error) // See Core.DoExec.
DoFilter(ctx context.Context, link Link, sql string, args []interface{}) (newSql string, newArgs []interface{}, err error) // See Core.DoFilter.
DoCommit(ctx context.Context, in DoCommitInput) (out DoCommitOutput, err error) // See Core.DoCommit.
DoPrepare(ctx context.Context, link Link, sql string) (*Stmt, error) // See Core.DoPrepare.
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// ===========================================================================
// Query APIs for convenience purpose.
// ===========================================================================
GetAll(ctx context.Context, sql string, args ...interface{}) (Result, error) // See Core.GetAll.
GetOne(ctx context.Context, sql string, args ...interface{}) (Record, error) // See Core.GetOne.
GetValue(ctx context.Context, sql string, args ...interface{}) (Value, error) // See Core.GetValue.
GetArray(ctx context.Context, sql string, args ...interface{}) ([]Value, error) // See Core.GetArray.
GetCount(ctx context.Context, sql string, args ...interface{}) (int, error) // See Core.GetCount.
GetScan(ctx context.Context, objPointer interface{}, sql string, args ...interface{}) error // See Core.GetScan.
Union(unions ...*Model) *Model // See Core.Union.
UnionAll(unions ...*Model) *Model // See Core.UnionAll.
// ===========================================================================
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// Master/Slave specification support.
// ===========================================================================
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Master(schema ...string) (*sql.DB, error) // See Core.Master.
Slave(schema ...string) (*sql.DB, error) // See Core.Slave.
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// ===========================================================================
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// Ping-Pong.
// ===========================================================================
PingMaster() error // See Core.PingMaster.
PingSlave() error // See Core.PingSlave.
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// ===========================================================================
// Transaction.
// ===========================================================================
Begin(ctx context.Context) (*TX, error) // See Core.Begin.
Transaction(ctx context.Context, f func(ctx context.Context, tx *TX) error) error // See Core.Transaction.
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// ===========================================================================
// Configuration methods.
// ===========================================================================
GetCache() *gcache.Cache // See Core.GetCache.
SetDebug(debug bool) // See Core.SetDebug.
GetDebug() bool // See Core.GetDebug.
GetSchema() string // See Core.GetSchema.
GetPrefix() string // See Core.GetPrefix.
GetGroup() string // See Core.GetGroup.
SetDryRun(enabled bool) // See Core.SetDryRun.
GetDryRun() bool // See Core.GetDryRun.
SetLogger(logger glog.ILogger) // See Core.SetLogger.
GetLogger() glog.ILogger // See Core.GetLogger.
GetConfig() *ConfigNode // See Core.GetConfig.
SetMaxIdleConnCount(n int) // See Core.SetMaxIdleConnCount.
SetMaxOpenConnCount(n int) // See Core.SetMaxOpenConnCount.
SetMaxConnLifeTime(d time.Duration) // See Core.SetMaxConnLifeTime.
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// ===========================================================================
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// Utility methods.
// ===========================================================================
GetCtx() context.Context // See Core.GetCtx.
GetCore() *Core // See Core.GetCore
GetChars() (charLeft string, charRight string) // See Core.GetChars.
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Tables(ctx context.Context, schema ...string) (tables []string, err error) // See Core.Tables. The driver must implement this function.
TableFields(ctx context.Context, table string, schema ...string) (map[string]*TableField, error) // See Core.TableFields. The driver must implement this function.
ConvertDataForRecord(ctx context.Context, data interface{}) (map[string]interface{}, error) // See Core.ConvertDataForRecord
ConvertValueForLocal(ctx context.Context, fieldType string, fieldValue interface{}) (interface{}, error) // See Core.ConvertValueForLocal
CheckLocalTypeForField(ctx context.Context, fieldType string, fieldValue interface{}) (string, error) // See Core.CheckLocalTypeForField
}
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// Core is the base struct for database management.
type Core struct {
db DB // DB interface object.
ctx context.Context // Context for chaining operation only. Do not set a default value in Core initialization.
group string // Configuration group name.
schema string // Custom schema for this object.
debug *gtype.Bool // Enable debug mode for the database, which can be changed in runtime.
cache *gcache.Cache // Cache manager, SQL result cache only.
links *gmap.StrAnyMap // links caches all created links by node.
logger glog.ILogger // Logger for logging functionality.
config *ConfigNode // Current config node.
dynamicConfig dynamicConfig // Dynamic configurations, which can be changed in runtime.
}
type dynamicConfig struct {
MaxIdleConnCount int
MaxOpenConnCount int
MaxConnLifeTime time.Duration
}
// DoCommitInput is the input parameters for function DoCommit.
type DoCommitInput struct {
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Db *sql.DB
Tx *sql.Tx
Stmt *sql.Stmt
Link Link
Sql string
Args []interface{}
Type string
IsTransaction bool
}
// DoCommitOutput is the output parameters for function DoCommit.
type DoCommitOutput struct {
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Result sql.Result // Result is the result of exec statement.
Records []Record // Records is the result of query statement.
Stmt *Stmt // Stmt is the Statement object result for Prepare.
Tx *TX // Tx is the transaction object result for Begin.
RawResult interface{} // RawResult is the underlying result, which might be sql.Result/*sql.Rows/*sql.Row.
}
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// Driver is the interface for integrating sql drivers into package gdb.
type Driver interface {
// New creates and returns a database object for specified database server.
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New(core *Core, node *ConfigNode) (DB, error)
}
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// Link is a common database function wrapper interface.
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// Note that, any operation using `Link` will have no SQL logging.
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type Link interface {
QueryContext(ctx context.Context, sql string, args ...interface{}) (*sql.Rows, error)
ExecContext(ctx context.Context, sql string, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error)
PrepareContext(ctx context.Context, sql string) (*sql.Stmt, error)
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IsOnMaster() bool
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IsTransaction() bool
}
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// Sql is the sql recording struct.
type Sql struct {
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Sql string // SQL string(may contain reserved char '?').
Type string // SQL operation type.
Args []interface{} // Arguments for this sql.
Format string // Formatted sql which contains arguments in the sql.
Error error // Execution result.
Start int64 // Start execution timestamp in milliseconds.
End int64 // End execution timestamp in milliseconds.
Group string // Group is the group name of the configuration that the sql is executed from.
Schema string // Schema is the schema name of the configuration that the sql is executed from.
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IsTransaction bool // IsTransaction marks whether this sql is executed in transaction.
RowsAffected int64 // RowsAffected marks retrieved or affected number with current sql statement.
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}
// DoInsertOption is the input struct for function DoInsert.
type DoInsertOption struct {
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OnDuplicateStr string // Custom string for `on duplicated` statement.
OnDuplicateMap map[string]interface{} // Custom key-value map from `OnDuplicateEx` function for `on duplicated` statement.
InsertOption int // Insert operation in constant value.
BatchCount int // Batch count for batch inserting.
}
// TableField is the struct for table field.
type TableField struct {
Index int // For ordering purpose as map is unordered.
Name string // Field name.
Type string // Field type.
Null bool // Field can be null or not.
Key string // The index information(empty if it's not an index).
Default interface{} // Default value for the field.
Extra string // Extra information.
Comment string // Field comment.
}
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// Counter is the type for update count.
type Counter struct {
Field string
Value float64
}
type (
Raw string // Raw is a raw sql that will not be treated as argument but as a direct sql part.
Value = *gvar.Var // Value is the field value type.
Record map[string]Value // Record is the row record of the table.
Result []Record // Result is the row record array.
Map = map[string]interface{} // Map is alias of map[string]interface{}, which is the most common usage map type.
List = []Map // List is type of map array.
)
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type CatchSQLManager struct {
SQLArray *garray.StrArray
DoCommit bool
}
const (
defaultModelSafe = false
defaultCharset = `utf8`
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defaultProtocol = `tcp`
queryTypeNormal = 0
queryTypeCount = 1
unionTypeNormal = 0
unionTypeAll = 1
defaultMaxIdleConnCount = 10 // Max idle connection count in pool.
defaultMaxOpenConnCount = 0 // Max open connection count in pool. Default is no limit.
defaultMaxConnLifeTime = 30 * time.Second // Max lifetime for per connection in pool in seconds.
ctxTimeoutTypeExec = iota
ctxTimeoutTypeQuery
ctxTimeoutTypePrepare
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cachePrefixTableFields = `TableFields:`
cachePrefixSelectCache = `SelectCache:`
commandEnvKeyForDryRun = "gf.gdb.dryrun"
modelForDaoSuffix = `ForDao`
dbRoleSlave = `slave`
ctxKeyForDB gctx.StrKey = `CtxKeyForDB`
ctxKeyCatchSQL gctx.StrKey = `CtxKeyCatchSQL`
ctxKeyInternalProducedSQL gctx.StrKey = `CtxKeyInternalProducedSQL`
// type:[username[:password]@][protocol[(address)]]/dbname[?param1=value1&...&paramN=valueN]
linkPattern = `(\w+):([\w\-]*):(.*?)@(\w+?)\((.+?)\)/{0,1}([\w\-]*)\?{0,1}(.*)`
)
const (
InsertOptionDefault = 0
InsertOptionReplace = 1
InsertOptionSave = 2
InsertOptionIgnore = 3
)
const (
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SqlTypeBegin = "DB.Begin"
SqlTypeTXCommit = "TX.Commit"
SqlTypeTXRollback = "TX.Rollback"
SqlTypeExecContext = "DB.ExecContext"
SqlTypeQueryContext = "DB.QueryContext"
SqlTypePrepareContext = "DB.PrepareContext"
SqlTypeStmtExecContext = "DB.Statement.ExecContext"
SqlTypeStmtQueryContext = "DB.Statement.QueryContext"
SqlTypeStmtQueryRowContext = "DB.Statement.QueryRowContext"
)
const (
LocalTypeString = "string"
LocalTypeDate = "date"
LocalTypeDatetime = "datetime"
LocalTypeInt = "int"
LocalTypeUint = "uint"
LocalTypeInt64 = "int64"
LocalTypeUint64 = "uint64"
LocalTypeIntSlice = "[]int"
LocalTypeInt64Slice = "[]int64"
LocalTypeUint64Slice = "[]uint64"
LocalTypeInt64Bytes = "int64-bytes"
LocalTypeUint64Bytes = "uint64-bytes"
LocalTypeFloat32 = "float32"
LocalTypeFloat64 = "float64"
LocalTypeBytes = "[]byte"
LocalTypeBool = "bool"
LocalTypeJson = "json"
LocalTypeJsonb = "jsonb"
)
var (
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// instances is the management map for instances.
instances = gmap.NewStrAnyMap(true)
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// driverMap manages all custom registered driver.
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driverMap = map[string]Driver{}
// lastOperatorRegPattern is the regular expression pattern for a string
// which has operator at its tail.
lastOperatorRegPattern = `[<>=]+\s*$`
// regularFieldNameRegPattern is the regular expression pattern for a string
// which is a regular field name of table.
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regularFieldNameRegPattern = `^[\w\.\-]+$`
// regularFieldNameWithoutDotRegPattern is similar to regularFieldNameRegPattern but not allows '.'.
// Note that, although some databases allow char '.' in the field name, but it here does not allow '.'
// in the field name as it conflicts with "db.table.field" pattern in SOME situations.
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regularFieldNameWithoutDotRegPattern = `^[\w\-]+$`
// allDryRun sets dry-run feature for all database connections.
// It is commonly used for command options for convenience.
allDryRun = false
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// tableFieldsMap caches the table information retrieved from database.
tableFieldsMap = gmap.NewStrAnyMap(true)
)
func init() {
// allDryRun is initialized from environment or command options.
allDryRun = gcmd.GetOptWithEnv(commandEnvKeyForDryRun, false).Bool()
}
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// Register registers custom database driver to gdb.
func Register(name string, driver Driver) error {
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driverMap[name] = newDriverWrapper(driver)
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return nil
}
// New creates and returns an ORM object with given configuration node.
func New(node ConfigNode) (db DB, err error) {
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return newDBByConfigNode(&node, "")
}
// NewByGroup creates and returns an ORM object with global configurations.
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// The parameter `name` specifies the configuration group name,
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// which is DefaultGroupName in default.
func NewByGroup(group ...string) (db DB, err error) {
groupName := configs.group
if len(group) > 0 && group[0] != "" {
groupName = group[0]
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}
configs.RLock()
defer configs.RUnlock()
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if len(configs.config) < 1 {
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return nil, gerror.NewCode(
gcode.CodeInvalidConfiguration,
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"database configuration is empty, please set the database configuration before using",
)
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}
if _, ok := configs.config[groupName]; ok {
var node *ConfigNode
if node, err = getConfigNodeByGroup(groupName, true); err == nil {
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return newDBByConfigNode(node, groupName)
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}
return nil, err
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}
return nil, gerror.NewCodef(
gcode.CodeInvalidConfiguration,
`database configuration node "%s" is not found, did you misspell group name "%s" or miss the database configuration?`,
groupName, groupName,
)
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}
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// newDBByConfigNode creates and returns an ORM object with given configuration node and group name.
//
// Very Note:
// The parameter `node` is used for DB creation, not for underlying connection creation.
// So all db type configurations in the same group should be the same.
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func newDBByConfigNode(node *ConfigNode, group string) (db DB, err error) {
if node.Link != "" {
node = parseConfigNodeLink(node)
}
c := &Core{
group: group,
debug: gtype.NewBool(),
cache: gcache.New(),
links: gmap.NewStrAnyMap(true),
logger: glog.New(),
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config: node,
dynamicConfig: dynamicConfig{
MaxIdleConnCount: node.MaxIdleConnCount,
MaxOpenConnCount: node.MaxOpenConnCount,
MaxConnLifeTime: node.MaxConnLifeTime,
},
}
if v, ok := driverMap[node.Type]; ok {
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if c.db, err = v.New(c, node); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return c.db, nil
}
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errorMsg := `cannot find database driver for specified database type "%s"`
errorMsg += `, did you misspell type name "%s" or forget importing the database driver? `
errorMsg += `possible reference: https://github.com/gogf/gf/tree/master/contrib/drivers`
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return nil, gerror.NewCodef(gcode.CodeInvalidConfiguration, errorMsg, node.Type, node.Type)
}
// Instance returns an instance for DB operations.
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// The parameter `name` specifies the configuration group name,
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// which is DefaultGroupName in default.
func Instance(name ...string) (db DB, err error) {
group := configs.group
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if len(name) > 0 && name[0] != "" {
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group = name[0]
}
v := instances.GetOrSetFuncLock(group, func() interface{} {
db, err = NewByGroup(group)
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return db
})
if v != nil {
return v.(DB), nil
}
return
}
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// getConfigNodeByGroup calculates and returns a configuration node of given group. It
// calculates the value internally using weight algorithm for load balance.
//
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// The parameter `master` specifies whether retrieving a master node, or else a slave node
// if master-slave configured.
func getConfigNodeByGroup(group string, master bool) (*ConfigNode, error) {
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if list, ok := configs.config[group]; ok {
// Separates master and slave configuration nodes array.
var (
masterList = make(ConfigGroup, 0)
slaveList = make(ConfigGroup, 0)
)
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for i := 0; i < len(list); i++ {
if list[i].Role == dbRoleSlave {
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slaveList = append(slaveList, list[i])
} else {
masterList = append(masterList, list[i])
}
}
if len(masterList) < 1 {
return nil, gerror.NewCode(
gcode.CodeInvalidConfiguration,
"at least one master node configuration's need to make sense",
)
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}
if len(slaveList) < 1 {
slaveList = masterList
}
if master {
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return getConfigNodeByWeight(masterList), nil
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} else {
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return getConfigNodeByWeight(slaveList), nil
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}
}
return nil, gerror.NewCodef(
gcode.CodeInvalidConfiguration,
"empty database configuration for item name '%s'",
group,
)
}
// getConfigNodeByWeight calculates the configuration weights and randomly returns a node.
//
// Calculation algorithm brief:
// 1. If we have 2 nodes, and their weights are both 1, then the weight range is [0, 199];
// 2. Node1 weight range is [0, 99], and node2 weight range is [100, 199], ratio is 1:1;
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// 3. If the random number is 99, it then chooses and returns node1;.
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func getConfigNodeByWeight(cg ConfigGroup) *ConfigNode {
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if len(cg) < 2 {
return &cg[0]
}
var total int
for i := 0; i < len(cg); i++ {
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total += cg[i].Weight * 100
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}
// If total is 0 means all the nodes have no weight attribute configured.
// It then defaults each node's weight attribute to 1.
if total == 0 {
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for i := 0; i < len(cg); i++ {
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cg[i].Weight = 1
total += cg[i].Weight * 100
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}
}
// Exclude the right border value.
var (
min = 0
max = 0
random = grand.N(0, total-1)
)
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for i := 0; i < len(cg); i++ {
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max = min + cg[i].Weight*100
if random >= min && random < max {
// ====================================================
// Return a COPY of the ConfigNode.
// ====================================================
node := ConfigNode{}
node = cg[i]
return &node
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}
min = max
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}
return nil
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}
// getSqlDb retrieves and returns an underlying database connection object.
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// The parameter `master` specifies whether retrieves master node connection if
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// master-slave nodes are configured.
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func (c *Core) getSqlDb(master bool, schema ...string) (sqlDb *sql.DB, err error) {
var (
node *ConfigNode
ctx = c.db.GetCtx()
)
if c.group != "" {
// Load balance.
configs.RLock()
defer configs.RUnlock()
// Value COPY for node.
node, err = getConfigNodeByGroup(c.group, master)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
} else {
// Value COPY for node.
n := *c.db.GetConfig()
node = &n
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}
if node.Charset == "" {
node.Charset = defaultCharset
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}
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// Changes the schema.
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nodeSchema := gutil.GetOrDefaultStr(c.schema, schema...)
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if nodeSchema != "" {
node.Name = nodeSchema
}
// Update the configuration object in internal data.
internalData := c.GetInternalCtxDataFromCtx(ctx)
if internalData != nil {
internalData.ConfigNode = node
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}
// Cache the underlying connection pool object by node.
instanceNameByNode := fmt.Sprintf(`%+v`, node)
instanceValue := c.links.GetOrSetFuncLock(instanceNameByNode, func() interface{} {
if sqlDb, err = c.db.Open(node); err != nil {
return nil
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}
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if sqlDb == nil {
return nil
}
if c.dynamicConfig.MaxIdleConnCount > 0 {
sqlDb.SetMaxIdleConns(c.dynamicConfig.MaxIdleConnCount)
} else {
sqlDb.SetMaxIdleConns(defaultMaxIdleConnCount)
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}
if c.dynamicConfig.MaxOpenConnCount > 0 {
sqlDb.SetMaxOpenConns(c.dynamicConfig.MaxOpenConnCount)
} else {
sqlDb.SetMaxOpenConns(defaultMaxOpenConnCount)
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}
if c.dynamicConfig.MaxConnLifeTime > 0 {
sqlDb.SetConnMaxLifetime(c.dynamicConfig.MaxConnLifeTime)
} else {
sqlDb.SetConnMaxLifetime(defaultMaxConnLifeTime)
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}
return sqlDb
})
if instanceValue != nil && sqlDb == nil {
// It reads from instance map.
sqlDb = instanceValue.(*sql.DB)
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}
if node.Debug {
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c.db.SetDebug(node.Debug)
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}
if node.DryRun {
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c.db.SetDryRun(node.DryRun)
}
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return
}