diff --git a/cppcheck.cppcheck b/cppcheck.cppcheck
index f754eb7b..8747b385 100644
--- a/cppcheck.cppcheck
+++ b/cppcheck.cppcheck
@@ -32,9 +32,10 @@
         <suppression>ConfigurationNotChecked</suppression>
         <suppression>toomanyconfigs</suppression>
         <suppression>unknownMacro</suppression>
-        <suppression>useStlAlgorithm</suppression>
-        <suppression>shadowFunction</suppression>
         <suppression>missingIncludeSystem</suppression>
         <suppression>missingInclude</suppression>
+        <suppression>cstyleCast</suppression>
+        <suppression>shadowFunction</suppression>
+        <suppression>useStlAlgorithm</suppression>
     </suppressions>
 </project>
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/StockManager.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/StockManager.h
index 55bed76a..66b0aaeb 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/StockManager.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/StockManager.h
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ public:
     static StockManager& instance();
     virtual ~StockManager();
 
+    StockManager(const StockManager&) = delete;
+    StockManager& operator=(const StockManager&) = delete;
+
     /**
      * 初始化函数，必须在程序入口调用
      * @param baseInfoParam 基础信息驱动参数
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/data_driver/kdata/tdx/TdxKDataDriver.cpp b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/data_driver/kdata/tdx/TdxKDataDriver.cpp
index 23055267..a7c5279b 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/data_driver/kdata/tdx/TdxKDataDriver.cpp
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/data_driver/kdata/tdx/TdxKDataDriver.cpp
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ struct TdxMinData {
     float close;
     float amount;
     uint32_t vol;
-    uint32_t other;
+    uint32_t other;  // cppcheck-suppress unusedStructMember
 
     Datetime getDatetime() {
         int tmp_date = date >> 11;
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/global/sysinfo.cpp b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/global/sysinfo.cpp
index aefdfad8..7dab82c6 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/global/sysinfo.cpp
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/global/sysinfo.cpp
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ std::string getVersionWithGit() {
     return HKU_VERSION_GIT;
 }
 
+// cppcheck-suppress constParameterReference
 static bool readUUID(boost::uuids::uuid& out) {
     std::string filename = fmt::format("{}/.hikyuu/uid", getUserDir());
     FILE* fp = fopen(filename.c_str(), "rb");
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/IndicatorImp.cpp b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/IndicatorImp.cpp
index 2915ce40..e6876060 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/IndicatorImp.cpp
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/IndicatorImp.cpp
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ IndicatorImpPtr IndicatorImp::getResult(size_t result_num) {
     size_t total = size();
     imp->_readyBuffer(total, 1);
     imp->setDiscard(discard());
-    auto *src = this->data(result_num);
+    auto const *src = this->data(result_num);
     auto *dst = imp->data(0);
     for (size_t i = discard(); i < total; ++i) {
         // imp->_set(get(i, result_num), i);
@@ -400,18 +400,18 @@ IndicatorImpPtr IndicatorImp::getResult(size_t result_num) {
 
 price_t IndicatorImp::get(size_t pos, size_t num) const {
 #if CHECK_ACCESS_BOUND
-    HKU_CHECK_THROW((num < MAX_RESULT_NUM && m_pBuffer[num] && pos < m_pBuffer[num]->size()),
-                    std::out_of_range, "Try to access value ({}) out of bounds [0..{})! {}", pos,
-                    m_pBuffer[num]->size(), name());
+    HKU_CHECK_THROW(
+      (num <= MAX_RESULT_NUM && m_pBuffer[num] && pos < m_pBuffer[num]->size()), std::out_of_range,
+      "Try to access value out of bounds! num: {}, pos: {}, name: {}", num, pos, name());
 #endif
     return (*m_pBuffer[num])[pos];
 }
 
 void IndicatorImp::_set(price_t val, size_t pos, size_t num) {
 #if CHECK_ACCESS_BOUND
-    HKU_CHECK_THROW((num < MAX_RESULT_NUM && m_pBuffer[num] && pos < m_pBuffer[num]->size()),
-                    std::out_of_range, "Try to access value out of bounds! (pos={}) {}", pos,
-                    name());
+    HKU_CHECK_THROW(
+      (num <= MAX_RESULT_NUM && m_pBuffer[num] && pos < m_pBuffer[num]->size()), std::out_of_range,
+      "Try to access value out of bounds! num: {}, pos: {}, name: {}", num, pos, name());
 #endif
     (*m_pBuffer[num])[pos] = val;
 }
@@ -834,7 +834,7 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_weave() {
     size_t diff = maxp->size() - minp->size();
     _readyBuffer(total, result_number);
     setDiscard(discard);
-    value_type *src = nullptr;
+    value_type const *src = nullptr;
     value_type *dst = nullptr;
     if (m_left->size() >= m_right->size()) {
         size_t num = m_left->getResultNumber();
@@ -899,8 +899,8 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_add() {
     _readyBuffer(total, result_number);
     setDiscard(discard);
     for (size_t r = 0; r < result_number; ++r) {
-        auto *data1 = maxp->data(r);
-        auto *data2 = minp->data(r);
+        auto const *data1 = maxp->data(r);
+        auto const *data2 = minp->data(r);
         auto *result = this->data(r);
         for (size_t i = discard; i < total; ++i) {
             // _set(maxp->get(i, r) + minp->get(i - diff, r), i, r);
@@ -913,7 +913,7 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_sub() {
     m_right->calculate();
     m_left->calculate();
 
-    IndicatorImp *maxp, *minp;
+    const IndicatorImp *maxp, *minp;
     if (m_left->size() > m_right->size()) {
         maxp = m_left.get();
         minp = m_right.get();
@@ -979,8 +979,8 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_mul() {
     _readyBuffer(total, result_number);
     setDiscard(discard);
     for (size_t r = 0; r < result_number; ++r) {
-        auto *data1 = maxp->data(r);
-        auto *data2 = minp->data(r);
+        auto const *data1 = maxp->data(r);
+        auto const *data2 = minp->data(r);
         auto *result = this->data(r);
         for (size_t i = discard; i < total; ++i) {
             // _set(maxp->get(i, r) * minp->get(i - diff, r), i, r);
@@ -993,7 +993,7 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_div() {
     m_right->calculate();
     m_left->calculate();
 
-    IndicatorImp *maxp, *minp;
+    const IndicatorImp *maxp, *minp;
     if (m_left->size() > m_right->size()) {
         maxp = m_left.get();
         minp = m_right.get();
@@ -1076,8 +1076,8 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_mod() {
     _readyBuffer(total, result_number);
     setDiscard(discard);
     value_type *dst = nullptr;
-    value_type *left = nullptr;
-    value_type *right = nullptr;
+    value_type const *left = nullptr;
+    value_type const *right = nullptr;
     value_type null_value = Null<value_type>();
     if (m_left->size() > m_right->size()) {
         for (size_t r = 0; r < result_number; ++r) {
@@ -1143,8 +1143,8 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_eq() {
     setDiscard(discard);
     for (size_t r = 0; r < result_number; ++r) {
         auto *dst = this->data(r);
-        auto *maxdata = maxp->data(r);
-        auto *mindata = minp->data(r);
+        auto const *maxdata = maxp->data(r);
+        auto const *mindata = minp->data(r);
         for (size_t i = discard; i < total; ++i) {
             if (std::abs(maxdata[i] - mindata[i - diff]) < IND_EQ_THRESHOLD) {
                 dst[i] = 1.0;
@@ -1185,8 +1185,8 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_ne() {
     setDiscard(discard);
     for (size_t r = 0; r < result_number; ++r) {
         auto *dst = this->data(r);
-        auto *maxdata = maxp->data(r);
-        auto *mindata = minp->data(r);
+        auto const *maxdata = maxp->data(r);
+        auto const *mindata = minp->data(r);
         for (size_t i = discard; i < total; ++i) {
             if (std::abs(maxdata[i] - mindata[i - diff]) < IND_EQ_THRESHOLD) {
                 dst[i] = 0.0;
@@ -1206,7 +1206,7 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_gt() {
     m_right->calculate();
     m_left->calculate();
 
-    IndicatorImp *maxp, *minp;
+    const IndicatorImp *maxp, *minp;
     if (m_left->size() > m_right->size()) {
         maxp = m_left.get();
         minp = m_right.get();
@@ -1226,8 +1226,8 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_gt() {
     _readyBuffer(total, result_number);
     setDiscard(discard);
     value_type *dst = nullptr;
-    value_type *left = nullptr;
-    value_type *right = nullptr;
+    value_type const *left = nullptr;
+    value_type const *right = nullptr;
     if (m_left->size() > m_right->size()) {
         for (size_t r = 0; r < result_number; ++r) {
             dst = this->data(r);
@@ -1271,7 +1271,7 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_lt() {
     m_right->calculate();
     m_left->calculate();
 
-    IndicatorImp *maxp, *minp;
+    const IndicatorImp *maxp, *minp;
     if (m_left->size() > m_right->size()) {
         maxp = m_left.get();
         minp = m_right.get();
@@ -1291,8 +1291,8 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_lt() {
     _readyBuffer(total, result_number);
     setDiscard(discard);
     value_type *dst = nullptr;
-    value_type *left = nullptr;
-    value_type *right = nullptr;
+    value_type const *left = nullptr;
+    value_type const *right = nullptr;
     if (m_left->size() > m_right->size()) {
         for (size_t r = 0; r < result_number; ++r) {
             dst = this->data(r);
@@ -1336,7 +1336,7 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_ge() {
     m_right->calculate();
     m_left->calculate();
 
-    IndicatorImp *maxp, *minp;
+    const IndicatorImp *maxp, *minp;
     if (m_left->size() > m_right->size()) {
         maxp = m_left.get();
         minp = m_right.get();
@@ -1356,8 +1356,8 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_ge() {
     _readyBuffer(total, result_number);
     setDiscard(discard);
     value_type *dst = nullptr;
-    value_type *left = nullptr;
-    value_type *right = nullptr;
+    value_type const *left = nullptr;
+    value_type const *right = nullptr;
     if (m_left->size() > m_right->size()) {
         for (size_t r = 0; r < result_number; ++r) {
             dst = this->data(r);
@@ -1401,7 +1401,7 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_le() {
     m_right->calculate();
     m_left->calculate();
 
-    IndicatorImp *maxp, *minp;
+    const IndicatorImp *maxp, *minp;
     if (m_left->size() > m_right->size()) {
         maxp = m_left.get();
         minp = m_right.get();
@@ -1421,8 +1421,8 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_le() {
     _readyBuffer(total, result_number);
     setDiscard(discard);
     value_type *dst = nullptr;
-    value_type *left = nullptr;
-    value_type *right = nullptr;
+    value_type const *left = nullptr;
+    value_type const *right = nullptr;
     if (m_left->size() > m_right->size()) {
         for (size_t r = 0; r < result_number; ++r) {
             dst = this->data(r);
@@ -1466,7 +1466,7 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_and() {
     m_right->calculate();
     m_left->calculate();
 
-    IndicatorImp *maxp, *minp;
+    const IndicatorImp *maxp, *minp;
     if (m_right->size() > m_left->size()) {
         maxp = m_right.get();
         minp = m_left.get();
@@ -1487,8 +1487,8 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_and() {
     setDiscard(discard);
     for (size_t r = 0; r < result_number; ++r) {
         auto *dst = this->data(r);
-        auto *maxdata = maxp->data(r);
-        auto *mindata = minp->data(r);
+        auto const *maxdata = maxp->data(r);
+        auto const *mindata = minp->data(r);
         for (size_t i = discard; i < total; ++i) {
             if (maxdata[i] >= IND_EQ_THRESHOLD && mindata[i - diff] >= IND_EQ_THRESHOLD) {
                 dst[i] = 1.0;
@@ -1530,8 +1530,8 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_or() {
     setDiscard(discard);
     for (size_t r = 0; r < result_number; ++r) {
         auto *dst = this->data(r);
-        auto *maxdata = maxp->data(r);
-        auto *mindata = minp->data(r);
+        auto const *maxdata = maxp->data(r);
+        auto const *mindata = minp->data(r);
         for (size_t i = discard; i < total; ++i) {
             if (maxdata[i] >= IND_EQ_THRESHOLD || mindata[i - diff] >= IND_EQ_THRESHOLD) {
                 dst[i] = 1.0;
@@ -1642,8 +1642,8 @@ void IndicatorImp::execute_corr() {
 
     auto *dst0 = this->data(0);
     auto *dst1 = this->data(1);
-    auto *maxdata = maxp->data(0);
-    auto *mindata = minp->data(0);
+    auto const *maxdata = maxp->data(0);
+    auto const *mindata = minp->data(0);
     for (size_t i = startPos + 1; i < first_end; i++) {
         ix = maxdata[i] - kx;
         iy = mindata[i] - ky;
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/IndicatorImp.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/IndicatorImp.h
index aa8210dc..8c066029 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/IndicatorImp.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/IndicatorImp.h
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public:
 public:
     /** 默认构造函数   */
     IndicatorImp();
-    IndicatorImp(const string& name);
+    explicit IndicatorImp(const string& name);
     IndicatorImp(const string& name, size_t result_num);
 
     virtual ~IndicatorImp();
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IAd.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IAd.h
index 76cea02c..f604d985 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IAd.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IAd.h
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class IAd : public IndicatorImp {
 
 public:
     IAd();
-    IAd(const KData&);
+    explicit IAd(const KData&);
     virtual ~IAd();
 };
 
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IBackset.cpp b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IBackset.cpp
index 2e4a9c70..268ab531 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IBackset.cpp
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IBackset.cpp
@@ -48,9 +48,7 @@ void IBackset::_calculate(const Indicator& ind) {
             size_t j = i;
             size_t end_j = i - n + 1;
             while (j-- > end_j) {
-                if (dst[j] != 1.0) {
-                    dst[j] = 1.0;
-                }
+                dst[j] = 1.0;
             }
         } else {
             if (dst[i] != 1.0) {
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IEvery.cpp b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IEvery.cpp
index d0f01db9..f0503126 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IEvery.cpp
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IEvery.cpp
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ void IEvery::_calculate(const Indicator& ind) {
 
     int n = getParam<int>("n");
     if (0 == n) {
-        n = total;
         m_discard = ind.discard();
         for (size_t i = m_discard; i < total; i++) {
             price_t every = 1.0;
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IExist.cpp b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IExist.cpp
index ea6a971b..aa6351ef 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IExist.cpp
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IExist.cpp
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ void IExist::_calculate(const Indicator& ind) {
 
     int n = getParam<int>("n");
     if (n == 0) {
-        n = total;
         m_discard = ind.discard();
         for (size_t i = m_discard; i < total; i++) {
             price_t exist = 0.0;
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/ILiuTongPan.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/ILiuTongPan.h
index 56add0ca..37708057 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/ILiuTongPan.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/ILiuTongPan.h
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class ILiuTongPan : public IndicatorImp {
 
 public:
     ILiuTongPan();
-    ILiuTongPan(const KData&);
+    explicit ILiuTongPan(const KData&);
     virtual ~ILiuTongPan();
 };
 
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/ITimeLine.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/ITimeLine.h
index d350d57d..a14bdd39 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/ITimeLine.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/ITimeLine.h
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class ITimeLine : public IndicatorImp {
 
 public:
     ITimeLine();
-    ITimeLine(const KData&);
+    explicit ITimeLine(const KData&);
     virtual ~ITimeLine();
 };
 
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IVigor.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IVigor.h
index 6709bbcc..db7ba8dd 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IVigor.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/indicator/imp/IVigor.h
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class IVigor : public IndicatorImp {
 
 public:
     IVigor();
-    IVigor(int n);
+    explicit IVigor(int n);
     virtual ~IVigor();
 };
 
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/strategy/StrategyBase.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/strategy/StrategyBase.h
index 1108d2d5..597dee17 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/strategy/StrategyBase.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/strategy/StrategyBase.h
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class HKU_API StrategyBase {
 
 public:
     StrategyBase();
-    StrategyBase(const string& name);
+    explicit StrategyBase(const string& name);
     StrategyBase(const string& name, const string& config_file);
 
     virtual ~StrategyBase();
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_manage/TradeManager.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_manage/TradeManager.h
index 57608e9d..10b5ea16 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_manage/TradeManager.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_manage/TradeManager.h
@@ -42,8 +42,9 @@ class HKU_API TradeManager : public TradeManagerBase {
     // PARAMETER_SUPPORT
 
 public:
-    TradeManager(const Datetime& datetime = Datetime(199001010000LL), price_t initcash = 100000.0,
-                 const TradeCostPtr& costfunc = TC_Zero(), const string& name = "SYS");
+    explicit TradeManager(const Datetime& datetime = Datetime(199001010000LL),
+                          price_t initcash = 100000.0, const TradeCostPtr& costfunc = TC_Zero(),
+                          const string& name = "SYS");
     virtual ~TradeManager();
 
     /** 复位，清空交易、持仓记录 */
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/ConditionBase.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/ConditionBase.h
index 2ca07406..3a919864 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/ConditionBase.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/ConditionBase.h
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public:
 
     price_t at(size_t pos) const;
 
-    price_t* data();
+    price_t const* data() const;
 
     /** 复位操作 */
     void reset();
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ inline size_t ConditionBase::size() const {
     return m_values.size();
 }
 
-inline price_t* ConditionBase::data() {
+inline price_t const* ConditionBase::data() const {
     return m_values.data();
 }
 
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/AddCondition.cpp b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/AddCondition.cpp
index 71de57bd..3134ad95 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/AddCondition.cpp
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/AddCondition.cpp
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ void AddCondition::_calculate() {
     }
 
     if (m_cond1 && !m_cond2) {
-        price_t* data = m_cond1->data();
+        price_t const* data = m_cond1->data();
         for (size_t i = 0, total = m_cond1->size(); i < total; i++) {
             m_values[i] = data[i];
         }
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ void AddCondition::_calculate() {
     }
 
     if (!m_cond1 && m_cond2) {
-        price_t* data = m_cond2->data();
+        auto const* data = m_cond2->data();
         for (size_t i = 0, total = m_cond2->size(); i < total; i++) {
             m_values[i] = data[i];
         }
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ void AddCondition::_calculate() {
     size_t total = m_kdata.size();
     HKU_ASSERT(m_cond1->size() == total && m_cond2->size() == total);
 
-    price_t* data1 = m_cond1->data();
-    price_t* data2 = m_cond2->data();
+    auto const* data1 = m_cond1->data();
+    auto const* data2 = m_cond2->data();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < total; i++) {
         m_values[i] = data1[i] + data2[i];
     }
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/AndCondition.cpp b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/AndCondition.cpp
index 116b588e..4445c4d9 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/AndCondition.cpp
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/AndCondition.cpp
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ void AndCondition::_calculate() {
     size_t total = m_kdata.size();
     HKU_ASSERT(m_cond1->size() == total && m_cond2->size() == total);
 
-    price_t* data1 = m_cond1->data();
-    price_t* data2 = m_cond2->data();
+    auto const* data1 = m_cond1->data();
+    auto const* data2 = m_cond2->data();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < total; i++) {
         m_values[i] = (data1[i] > 0.0 && data2[i] > 0.0) ? 1.0 : 0.0;
     }
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/BoolCondition.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/BoolCondition.h
index 3e0fa0e1..02325595 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/BoolCondition.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/BoolCondition.h
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ namespace hku {
 class BoolCondition : public ConditionBase {
 public:
     BoolCondition();
-    BoolCondition(const Indicator&);
+    explicit BoolCondition(const Indicator&);
     virtual ~BoolCondition();
 
     virtual void _calculate() override;
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/DivCondition.cpp b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/DivCondition.cpp
index 68ae8812..afa0c727 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/DivCondition.cpp
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/DivCondition.cpp
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ void DivCondition::_calculate() {
     size_t total = m_kdata.size();
     HKU_ASSERT(m_cond1->size() == total && m_cond2->size() == total);
 
-    price_t* data1 = m_cond1->data();
-    price_t* data2 = m_cond2->data();
+    auto const* data1 = m_cond1->data();
+    auto const* data2 = m_cond2->data();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < total; i++) {
         m_values[i] = data2[i] == 0.0 || std::isnan(data2[i]) ? null_price : data1[i] / data2[i];
     }
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/MultiCondition.cpp b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/MultiCondition.cpp
index 5231e4a9..40dc297f 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/MultiCondition.cpp
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/MultiCondition.cpp
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ void MultiCondition::_calculate() {
     size_t total = m_kdata.size();
     HKU_ASSERT(m_cond1->size() == total && m_cond2->size() == total);
 
-    price_t* data1 = m_cond1->data();
-    price_t* data2 = m_cond2->data();
+    auto const* data1 = m_cond1->data();
+    auto const* data2 = m_cond2->data();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < total; i++) {
         m_values[i] = data1[i] * data2[i];
     }
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/OPLineCondition.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/OPLineCondition.h
index 4f203545..02504b99 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/OPLineCondition.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/OPLineCondition.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace hku {
 class OPLineCondition : public ConditionBase {
 public:
     OPLineCondition();
-    OPLineCondition(const Indicator&);
+    explicit OPLineCondition(const Indicator&);
     virtual ~OPLineCondition();
 
     virtual void _calculate() override;
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/OrCondition.cpp b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/OrCondition.cpp
index cfb3a643..7bfad1aa 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/OrCondition.cpp
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/OrCondition.cpp
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ void OrCondition::_calculate() {
     }
 
     if (m_cond1 && !m_cond2) {
-        price_t* data = m_cond1->data();
+        auto const* data = m_cond1->data();
         for (size_t i = 0, total = m_cond1->size(); i < total; i++) {
             if (data[i] > 0.0) {
                 m_values[i] = 1.0;
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ void OrCondition::_calculate() {
     }
 
     if (!m_cond1 && m_cond2) {
-        price_t* data = m_cond2->data();
+        auto const* data = m_cond2->data();
         for (size_t i = 0, total = m_cond2->size(); i < total; i++) {
             if (data[i] > 0.0) {
                 m_values[i] = 1.0;
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ void OrCondition::_calculate() {
     size_t total = m_kdata.size();
     HKU_ASSERT(m_cond1->size() == total && m_cond2->size() == total);
 
-    price_t* data1 = m_cond1->data();
-    price_t* data2 = m_cond2->data();
+    auto const* data1 = m_cond1->data();
+    auto const* data2 = m_cond2->data();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < total; i++) {
         if (data1[i] > 0. || data2[i] > 0.) {
             m_values[i] = 1.0;
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/SubCondition.cpp b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/SubCondition.cpp
index 52c05fae..32ddda1a 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/SubCondition.cpp
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/condition/imp/SubCondition.cpp
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ void SubCondition::_calculate() {
     }
 
     if (m_cond1 && !m_cond2) {
-        price_t* data = m_cond1->data();
+        auto const* data = m_cond1->data();
         for (size_t i = 0, total = m_cond1->size(); i < total; i++) {
             m_values[i] = data[i];
         }
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ void SubCondition::_calculate() {
     }
 
     if (!m_cond1 && m_cond2) {
-        price_t* data = m_cond2->data();
+        auto const* data = m_cond2->data();
         for (size_t i = 0, total = m_cond2->size(); i < total; i++) {
             m_values[i] = -data[i];
         }
@@ -50,10 +50,10 @@ void SubCondition::_calculate() {
     size_t total = m_kdata.size();
     HKU_ASSERT(m_cond1->size() == total && m_cond2->size() == total);
 
-    price_t* data1 = m_cond1->data();
-    price_t* data2 = m_cond2->data();
+    auto const* data1 = m_cond1->data();
+    auto const* data2 = m_cond2->data();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < total; i++) {
-        m_values[i] = data1[i] = data2[i];
+        m_values[i] = data1[i] - data2[i];
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/environment/imp/BoolEnvironment.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/environment/imp/BoolEnvironment.h
index 7bd8a48c..acfb0f72 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/environment/imp/BoolEnvironment.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/environment/imp/BoolEnvironment.h
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ namespace hku {
 class BoolEnvironment : public EnvironmentBase {
 public:
     BoolEnvironment();
-    BoolEnvironment(const Indicator& ind);
+    explicit BoolEnvironment(const Indicator& ind);
     virtual ~BoolEnvironment();
 
     virtual void _calculate() override;
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/portfolio/Portfolio.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/portfolio/Portfolio.h
index 9a5030c2..f9a0ffbc 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/portfolio/Portfolio.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/portfolio/Portfolio.h
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public:
      * @brief 指定名称的构造函数
      * @param name 名称
      */
-    Portfolio(const string& name);
+    explicit Portfolio(const string& name);
 
     /**
      * @brief 构造函数
@@ -116,9 +116,9 @@ protected:
     SEPtr m_se;
     AFPtr m_af;
 
-    KQuery m_query;              // 关联的查询条件
-    bool m_is_ready;             // 是否已做好运行准备
-    bool m_need_calculate;       // 是否需要计算标志
+    KQuery m_query;         // 关联的查询条件
+    bool m_is_ready;        // 是否已做好运行准备
+    bool m_need_calculate;  // 是否需要计算标志
 
     SystemList m_pro_sys_list;   // 所有原型系统列表，来自 SE
     SystemList m_real_sys_list;  // 所有实际运行的子系统列表
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/signal/imp/SingleSignal.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/signal/imp/SingleSignal.h
index 8d675998..14a21ba1 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/signal/imp/SingleSignal.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/signal/imp/SingleSignal.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace hku {
 class SingleSignal : public SignalBase {
 public:
     SingleSignal();
-    SingleSignal(const Indicator& ind);
+    explicit SingleSignal(const Indicator& ind);
     virtual ~SingleSignal();
 
     virtual SignalPtr _clone() override;
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/signal/imp/SingleSignal2.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/signal/imp/SingleSignal2.h
index 7efd7c08..82e36885 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/signal/imp/SingleSignal2.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/signal/imp/SingleSignal2.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace hku {
 class SingleSignal2 : public SignalBase {
 public:
     SingleSignal2();
-    SingleSignal2(const Indicator&);
+    explicit SingleSignal2(const Indicator&);
     virtual ~SingleSignal2();
 
     virtual SignalPtr _clone() override;
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/system/System.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/system/System.h
index 623aa335..c277d715 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/system/System.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/trade_sys/system/System.h
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public:
     System();
 
     /** 指定系统名称的构造函数 */
-    System(const string& name);
+    explicit System(const string& name);
 
     /**
      * @brief 构造函数
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/utilities/IniParser.cpp b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/utilities/IniParser.cpp
index 2c7f9b32..b2518fff 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/utilities/IniParser.cpp
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/utilities/IniParser.cpp
@@ -39,9 +39,7 @@ private:
 
 void ParsingError::append(size_t lineno, const std::string& line) {
     m_info << "\n\t[line " << lineno << "] " << line;
-    if (!m_haveError) {
-        m_haveError = true;
-    }
+    m_haveError = true;
 }
 
 IniParser::IniParser() {}
diff --git a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/utilities/db_connect/SQLResultSet.h b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/utilities/db_connect/SQLResultSet.h
index 7dac4baa..812320e3 100644
--- a/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/utilities/db_connect/SQLResultSet.h
+++ b/hikyuu_cpp/hikyuu/utilities/db_connect/SQLResultSet.h
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public:
         if (pos != std::string::npos) {
             m_orderby_inner = fmt::format("{}, id ASC", m_where.substr(pos));
             m_orderby_outer = m_orderby_inner;
-            m_where = m_where.substr(0, pos);
+            m_where = m_where.erase(pos, std::string::npos);
         } else {
             m_orderby_inner = "ORDER BY id";
         }