2019-12-12 16:24:04 +08:00
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# 視圖
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視圖組件由 [hyperf/view](https://github.com/hyperf/view) 實現並提供使用，滿足您對視圖渲染的需求，組件默認支持 `Blade` 、 `Smarty` 、 `Twig` 、 `Plates` 和 `ThinkTemplate` 五種模板引擎。
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## 安裝
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```bash
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composer require hyperf/view
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```
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## 配置
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2021-02-19 12:53:50 +08:00
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View 組件的配置文件位於 `config/autoload/view.php`，若配置文件不存在可執行如下命令生成配置文件
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```bash
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php bin/hyperf.php vendor:publish hyperf/view
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```
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以下為相關配置的説明：
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2019-12-12 16:24:04 +08:00
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| 配置 | 類型 | 默認值 | 備註 |
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|:-----------------:|:------:|:-------------------------------------:|:----------------:|
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| engine | string | Hyperf\View\Engine\BladeEngine::class | 視圖渲染引擎 |
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| mode | string | Mode::TASK | 視圖渲染模式 |
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| config.view_path | string | 無 | 視圖文件默認地址 |
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| config.cache_path | string | 無 | 視圖文件緩存地址 |
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配置文件格式示例：
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```php
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<?php
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declare(strict_types=1);
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use Hyperf\View\Mode;
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use Hyperf\View\Engine\BladeEngine;
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return [
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// 使用的渲染引擎
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'engine' => BladeEngine::class,
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// 不填寫則默認為 Task 模式，推薦使用 Task 模式
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'mode' => Mode::TASK,
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'config' => [
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// 若下列文件夾不存在請自行創建
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'view_path' => BASE_PATH . '/storage/view/',
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'cache_path' => BASE_PATH . '/runtime/view/',
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],
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];
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```
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2020-01-16 14:33:32 +08:00
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### Task 模式
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2019-12-12 16:24:04 +08:00
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2020-01-16 14:33:32 +08:00
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使用 `Task` 模式時，需引入 [hyperf/task](https://github.com/hyperf/task) 組件且必須配置 `task_enable_coroutine` 為 `false`，否則會出現協程數據混淆的問題，更多請查閲 [Task](zh-hk/task.md) 組件文檔。
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另外，在 `Task` 模式下，視圖渲染工作是在 `Task Worker` 進程中完成的，而請求處理即 Controller 是在 `Worker` 進程完成的，兩部分的工作由不同的進程完成，所以像 `Request`，`Session` 等在 `Worker` 進程通過上下文管理的對象或數據在視圖頁面上是無法直接使用的，這時候就需要您在 Controller 先處理好數據或判斷結果，然後再調用 `render` 時傳遞數據到視圖進行數據的渲染。
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### Sync 模式
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若使用 `Sync` 模式渲染視圖時，請確保相關引擎是協程安全的，否則會出現數據混淆的問題，建議使用更加數據安全的 `Task` 模式。
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2019-12-12 16:24:04 +08:00
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### 配置靜態資源
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如果您希望 `Swoole` 來管理靜態資源，請在 `config/autoload/server.php` 配置中增加以下配置。
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```
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return [
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'settings' => [
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...
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// 靜態資源
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'document_root' => BASE_PATH . '/public',
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'enable_static_handler' => true,
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],
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];
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```
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## 視圖渲染引擎
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官方目前支持 `Blade` 、 `Smarty` 、 `Twig` 、 `Plates` 和 `ThinkTemplate` 五種模板，默認安裝 [hyperf/view](https://github.com/hyperf/view) 時不會自動安裝任何模板引擎，需要您根據自身需求，自行安裝對應的模板引擎，使用前必須安裝任一模板引擎。
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### 安裝 Blade 引擎
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2021-02-19 12:53:50 +08:00
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```bash
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composer require hyperf/view-engine
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```
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詳細方式見文檔 [視圖引擎](zh-hk/view-engine.md)
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或者使用
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> duncan3dc/blade 因為使用了 Laravel 的 Support 庫，所以會導致某些函數不兼容，暫時不推薦使用
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2019-12-12 16:24:04 +08:00
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```bash
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composer require duncan3dc/blade
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```
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### 安裝 Smarty 引擎
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```bash
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composer require smarty/smarty
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```
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### 安裝 Twig 引擎
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```bash
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composer require twig/twig
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```
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### 安裝 Plates 引擎
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```bash
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composer require league/plates
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```
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### 安裝 ThinkTemplate 引擎
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```bash
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composer require sy-records/think-template
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```
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### 接入其他模板
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假設我們想要接入一個虛擬的模板引擎名為 `TemplateEngine`，那麼我們需要在任意地方創建對應的 `TemplateEngine` 類，並實現 `Hyperf\View\Engine\EngineInterface` 接口。
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```php
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<?php
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declare(strict_types=1);
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namespace App\Engine;
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2020-06-16 01:43:41 +08:00
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use Hyperf\View\Engine\EngineInterface;
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2019-12-12 16:24:04 +08:00
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class TemplateEngine implements EngineInterface
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{
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public function render($template, $data, $config): string
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{
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// 實例化對應的模板引擎的實例
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$engine = new TemplateInstance();
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// 並調用對應的渲染方法
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return $engine->render($template, $data);
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}
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}
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```
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然後修改視圖組件的配置：
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```php
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<?php
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use App\Engine\TemplateEngine;
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return [
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// 將 engine 參數改為您的自定義模板引擎類
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'engine' => TemplateEngine::class,
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'mode' => Mode::TASK,
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'config' => [
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'view_path' => BASE_PATH . '/storage/view/',
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'cache_path' => BASE_PATH . '/runtime/view/',
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],
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];
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```
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## 使用
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以下以 `BladeEngine` 為例，首先在對應的目錄裏創建視圖文件 `index.blade.php`。
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```blade
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<title>Hyperf</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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Hello, {{ $name }}. You are using blade template now.
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</body>
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</html>
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```
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控制器中獲取 `Hyperf\View\Render` 實例，然後調用 `render` 方法並傳遞視圖文件地址 `index` 和 `渲染數據` 即可，文件地址忽略視圖文件的後綴名。
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```php
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<?php
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declare(strict_types=1);
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namespace App\Controller;
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use Hyperf\HttpServer\Annotation\AutoController;
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use Hyperf\View\RenderInterface;
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2021-12-01 16:19:47 +08:00
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#[AutoController]
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class ViewController
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{
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public function index(RenderInterface $render)
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{
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return $render->render('index', ['name' => 'Hyperf']);
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}
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}
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```
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訪問對應的 URL，即可獲得如下所示的視圖頁面：
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```
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Hello, Hyperf. You are using blade template now.
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```
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