milvus/docs/design_docs/milvus_create_collection_en.md

# Create Collection

`Milvus 2.0` uses `Collection` to represent a set of data, like `Table` in a traditional database. User can create or drop `Collection`. 
This article introduces the execution path of `CreateCollection`, at the end of this article, you should know which components are involved in `CreateCollection`.

The execution flow of `CreateCollection` is shown in the following figure:

![create_collection](./graphs/dml_create_collection.png)

1. Firstly, `SDK` starts a `CreateCollection` request to `Proxy` via `Grpc`, the `proto` is defined as follows:

```proto
service MilvusService {
    ...

    rpc CreateCollection(CreateCollectionRequest) returns (common.Status) {}

    ...
}

message CreateCollectionRequest {
  // Not useful for now
  common.MsgBase base = 1;
  // Not useful for now
  string db_name = 2;
  // The unique collection name in milvus.(Required)
  string collection_name = 3;
  // The serialized `schema.CollectionSchema`(Required)
  bytes schema = 4;
  // Once set, no modification is allowed (Optional)
  // https://github.com/milvus-io/milvus/issues/6690
  int32 shards_num = 5;
}

message CollectionSchema {
  string name = 1;
  string description = 2;
  bool autoID = 3; // deprecated later, keep compatible with c++ part now
  repeated FieldSchema fields = 4;
}

```

2. When receiving the `CreateCollection` request, `Proxy` would wrap this request into `CreateCollectionTask`, and pushes this task into `DdTaskQueue` queue. After that, `Proxy` would call `WaitToFinish` method to wait until the task is finished.

```go
type task interface {
	TraceCtx() context.Context
	ID() UniqueID // return ReqID
	SetID(uid UniqueID) // set ReqID
	Name() string
	Type() commonpb.MsgType
	BeginTs() Timestamp
	EndTs() Timestamp
	SetTs(ts Timestamp)
	OnEnqueue() error
	PreExecute(ctx context.Context) error
	Execute(ctx context.Context) error
	PostExecute(ctx context.Context) error
	WaitToFinish() error
	Notify(err error)
}

type createCollectionTask struct {
	Condition
	*milvuspb.CreateCollectionRequest
	ctx       context.Context
	rootCoord types.RootCoord
	result    *commonpb.Status
	schema    *schemapb.CollectionSchema
}
```

3. There is a background service in `Proxy`, this service would get the `CreateCollectionTask` from `DdTaskQueue`, and execute it in three phases.

   - `PreExecute`, do some static checking at this phase, such as check if `Collection Name` and `Field Name` are legal, if there are duplicate columns, etc.
   - `Execute`, at this phase, `Proxy` would send `CreateCollection` request to `RootCoord` via `Grpc`, and wait for response, the `proto` is defined as follows:

   ```proto
   service RootCoord {
       ...

       rpc CreateCollection(milvus.CreateCollectionRequest) returns (common.Status){}

       ...
   }
   ```

   - `PostExecute`, `CreateCollectonTask` does nothing at this phase, and return directly.

4. `RootCoord` would wrap the `CreateCollection` request into `CreateCollectionReqTask`, and then call function `executeTask`. `executeTask` would return until the `context` is done or `CreateCollectionReqTask.Execute` is returned.

```go
type reqTask interface {
	Ctx() context.Context
	Type() commonpb.MsgType
	Execute(ctx context.Context) error
	Core() *Core
}

type CreateCollectionReqTask struct {
	baseReqTask
	Req *milvuspb.CreateCollectionRequest
}
```

5. `CreateCollectionReqTask.Execute` would alloc `CollecitonID` and default `PartitionID`, and set `Virtual Channel` and `Physical Channel`, which are used by `MsgStream`, then write the `Collection`'s meta into `metaTable`

6. After `Collection`'s meta written into `metaTable`, `Milvus` would consider this collection has been created successfully.

7. `RootCoord` would alloc a timestamp from `TSO` before writing `Collection`'s meta into `metaTable`, and this timestamp is considered as the point when the collection was created

8. At last `RootCoord` will send a message of `CreateCollectionRequest` into `MsgStream`, and other components, who have subscribed to the `MsgStream`, would be notified. The `Proto` of `CreateCollectionRequest` is defined as follows:

```proto
message CreateCollectionRequest {
  common.MsgBase base = 1;
  string db_name = 2;
  string collectionName = 3;
  string partitionName = 4;
  int64 dbID = 5;
  int64 collectionID = 6;
  int64 partitionID = 7;
  // `schema` is the serialized `schema.CollectionSchema`
  bytes schema = 8;
  repeated string virtualChannelNames = 9;
  repeated string physicalChannelNames = 10;
}

```

9. After the above operations, `RootCoord` would update the internal timestamp and return, so `Proxy` would get the response.

_Notes:_

1. In `Proxy`, all `DDL` requests will be wrapped into `task`, and push the `task` into `DdTaskQueue`. 
   A background service will read a new `task` from `DdTaskQueue` only when the previous one is finished. 
   So all the `DDL` requests are executed serially on `Proxy`

2. In `RootCoord`, all `DDL` requests will be wrapped into `reqTask`, but there is no task queue, so the `DDL` requests will be executed in parallel on `RootCoord`.