## 10. Root Coordinator 

<img src="./figs/root_coord.png">

#### 10.1 Root Coordinator Interface

```go
type RootCoord interface {
	Component
	TimeTickProvider

	//DDL request
	CreateCollection(ctx context.Context, req *milvuspb.CreateCollectionRequest) (*commonpb.Status, error)
	DropCollection(ctx context.Context, req *milvuspb.DropCollectionRequest) (*commonpb.Status, error)
	HasCollection(ctx context.Context, req *milvuspb.HasCollectionRequest) (*milvuspb.BoolResponse, error)
	DescribeCollection(ctx context.Context, req *milvuspb.DescribeCollectionRequest) (*milvuspb.DescribeCollectionResponse, error)
	ShowCollections(ctx context.Context, req *milvuspb.ShowCollectionsRequest) (*milvuspb.ShowCollectionsResponse, error)
	CreatePartition(ctx context.Context, req *milvuspb.CreatePartitionRequest) (*commonpb.Status, error)
	DropPartition(ctx context.Context, req *milvuspb.DropPartitionRequest) (*commonpb.Status, error)
	HasPartition(ctx context.Context, req *milvuspb.HasPartitionRequest) (*milvuspb.BoolResponse, error)
	ShowPartitions(ctx context.Context, req *milvuspb.ShowPartitionsRequest) (*milvuspb.ShowPartitionsResponse, error)

	//index builder service
	CreateIndex(ctx context.Context, req *milvuspb.CreateIndexRequest) (*commonpb.Status, error)
	DescribeIndex(ctx context.Context, req *milvuspb.DescribeIndexRequest) (*milvuspb.DescribeIndexResponse, error)
	DropIndex(ctx context.Context, req *milvuspb.DropIndexRequest) (*commonpb.Status, error)

	//global timestamp allocator
	AllocTimestamp(ctx context.Context, req *rootcoordpb.AllocTimestampRequest) (*rootcoordpb.AllocTimestampResponse, error)
	AllocID(ctx context.Context, req *rootcoordpb.AllocIDRequest) (*rootcoordpb.AllocIDResponse, error)
	UpdateChannelTimeTick(ctx context.Context, req *internalpb.ChannelTimeTickMsg) (*commonpb.Status, error)

	//segment
	DescribeSegment(ctx context.Context, req *milvuspb.DescribeSegmentRequest) (*milvuspb.DescribeSegmentResponse, error)
	ShowSegments(ctx context.Context, req *milvuspb.ShowSegmentsRequest) (*milvuspb.ShowSegmentsResponse, error)
	ReleaseDQLMessageStream(ctx context.Context, in *proxypb.ReleaseDQLMessageStreamRequest) (*commonpb.Status, error)
}
```



* *MsgBase*

```go
type MsgBase struct {
	MsgType   MsgType
	MsgID	    UniqueID
	Timestamp Timestamp
	SourceID  UniqueID
}
```

* *CreateCollection*

<img src="./figs/root_coord_create_collection.png">

```go
type CreateCollectionRequest struct {
	Base           *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName         string
	CollectionName string
	Schema         []byte
    ShardsNum      int32
}
```

* *DropCollection*

```go
type DropCollectionRequest struct {
	Base           *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName         string
	CollectionName string
}
```

* *HasCollection*

```go
type HasCollectionRequest struct {
	Base           *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName         string
	CollectionName string
    TimeStamp      Timestamp
}
```

* *DescribeCollection*

```go
type DescribeCollectionRequest struct {
	Base           *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName         string
	CollectionName string
	CollectionID   UniqueID
    TimeStamp      Timestamp
}

type CollectionSchema struct {
	Name        string
	Description string
	AutoID      bool
	Fields      []*FieldSchema
}

type DescribeCollectionResponse struct {
	Status       *commonpb.Status
	Schema       *schemapb.CollectionSchema
	CollectionID UniqueID
}
```

* *ShowCollections*

```go
type ShowCollectionsRequest struct {
	Base   *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName string
    Timestamp Timestamp
    Type ShowCollectionsType
}

type ShowCollectionResponse struct {
	Status          *commonpb.Status
	CollectionNames []string
    CollectionIds   []UniqueID
}
```

* *CreatePartition*

```go
type CreatePartitionRequest struct {
	Base           *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName         string
	CollectionName string
	PartitionName  string
}
```

* *DropPartition*

```go
type DropPartitionRequest struct {
	Base           *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName         string
	CollectionName string
	PartitionName  string
}
```

* *HasPartition*

```go
type HasPartitionRequest struct {
	Base           *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName         string
	CollectionName string
	PartitionName  string
}
```

* *ShowPartitions*

```go
type ShowPartitionRequest struct {
	Base           *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName         string
	CollectionName string
	CollectionID   UniqueID
}

type ShowPartitionResponse struct {
	Status         *commonpb.Status
	PartitionNames []string
	PartitionIDs   []UniqueID
}
```

* *DescribeSegment*

```go
type DescribeSegmentRequest struct {
	Base         *commonpb.MsgBase
	CollectionID UniqueID
	SegmentID    UniqueID
}

type DescribeSegmentResponse struct {
	Status      *commonpb.Status
	IndexID     UniqueID
	BuildID     UniqueID
	EnableIndex bool
}
```

* *ShowSegments*

```go
type ShowSegmentsRequest struct {
	Base         *commonpb.MsgBase
	CollectionID UniqueID
	PartitionID  UniqueID
}

type ShowSegmentsResponse struct {
	Status     *commonpb.Status
	SegmentIDs []UniqueID
}
```

* *ReleaseDQLMessageStream*	
```go
type ReleaseDQLMessageStreamRequest struct {
	Base         *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbID         UniqueID
	CollectionID UniqueID
}

```

* *CreateIndex*
<img src="./figs/root_coord_create_index.png">

```go
type CreateIndexRequest struct {
	Base           *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName         string
	CollectionName string
	FieldName      string
	ExtraParams    []*commonpb.KeyValuePair
}
```

* *DescribeIndex*

```go
type DescribeIndexRequest struct {
	Base           *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName         string
	CollectionName string
	FieldName      string
	IndexName      string
}

type IndexDescription struct {
	IndexName string
	IndexID   UniqueID 
	Params    []*commonpb.KeyValuePair
	FieldName string
}

type DescribeIndexResponse struct {
	Status            *commonpb.Status
	IndexDescriptions []*IndexDescription
}
```

* *DropIndex*

```go
type DropIndexRequest struct {
	Base           *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName         string
	CollectionName string
	FieldName      string
	IndexName      string
}
```

* *AllocTimestamp*

```go
type AllocTimestampRequest struct {
	Base  *commonpb.MsgBase
	Count uint32
}

type AllocTimestampResponse struct {
	Status    *commonpb.Status
	Timestamp UniqueID 
	Count     uint32
}
```

* *AllocID*

```go
type AllocIDRequest struct {
	Base  *commonpb.MsgBase
	Count uint32
}

type AllocIDResponse struct {
	Status *commonpb.Status
	ID     UniqueID
	Count  uint32
}
```

* *UpdateChannelTimeTick*

```go
type ChannelTimeTickMsg struct {
	Base             *commonpb.MsgBase
	ChannelNames     []string
	Timestamps       []Timestamp
	DefaultTimestamp Timestamp 
}
```

#### 10.2 Dd (Data definitions) Message 

`RC` would put `Dd Message` into the `DML MsgSteams`

* *BaseMsg*

```go
type BaseMsg struct {
	Ctx            context.Context
	BeginTimestamp Timestamp
	EndTimestamp   Timestamp
	HashValues     []uint32
	MsgPosition    *MsgPosition
}
```

* *CreateCollectionMsg*

```go
type CreateCollectionRequest struct {
	Base                 *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName               string
	CollectionName       string
	DbID                 UniqueID
	CollectionID         UniqueID 
	Schema               []byte
	VirtualChannelNames  []string
	PhysicalChannelNames []string
}

type CreateCollectionMsg struct {
	BaseMsg
	internalpb.CreateCollectionRequest
}
```

* *DropCollectionMsg*

```go
type DropCollectionRequest struct {
	Base           *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName         string
	CollectionName string
	DbID           UniqueID 
	CollectionID   UniqueID 
}

type DropCollectionMsg struct {
	BaseMsg
	DropCollectionRequest
}
```

* *CreatePartitionMsg*

```go
type CreatePartitionRequest struct {
	Base           *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName         string
	CollectionName string
	PartitionName  string
	DbID           UniqueID
	CollectionID   UniqueID
	PartitionID    UniqueID
}

type CreatePartitionMsg struct {
	BaseMsg
	CreatePartitionRequest
}
```

* *DropPartitionMsg*

```go
type DropPartitionRequest struct {
	Base           *commonpb.MsgBase
	DbName         string
	CollectionName string
	PartitionName  string
	DbID           UniqueID
	CollectionID   UniqueID
	PartitionID    UniqueID
}

type DropPartitionMsg struct {
	BaseMsg
	DropPartitionRequest
}
```

#### 10.3 Create Index automatically 
`RC` would notify `IC(Index Coord)` to build index automatically when the segment has been flushed.
<img src="./figs/root_coord_create_index_automatically.png">

#### 10.4 RootCoord Instance

```go
type Core struct {
	MetaTable *metaTable
	//id allocator
	IDAllocator       func(count uint32) (typeutil.UniqueID, typeutil.UniqueID, error)
	IDAllocatorUpdate func() error

	//tso allocator
	TSOAllocator       func(count uint32) (typeutil.Timestamp, error)
	TSOAllocatorUpdate func() error

	//inner members
	ctx     context.Context
	cancel  context.CancelFunc
	etcdCli *clientv3.Client
	kvBase  *etcdkv.EtcdKV

	//setMsgStreams, send time tick into dd channel and time tick channel
	SendTimeTick func(t typeutil.Timestamp) error

	//setMsgStreams, send create collection into dd channel
	SendDdCreateCollectionReq func(ctx context.Context, req *internalpb.CreateCollectionRequest, channelNames []string) error

	//setMsgStreams, send drop collection into dd channel, and notify the proxy to delete this collection
	SendDdDropCollectionReq func(ctx context.Context, req *internalpb.DropCollectionRequest, channelNames []string) error

	//setMsgStreams, send create partition into dd channel
	SendDdCreatePartitionReq func(ctx context.Context, req *internalpb.CreatePartitionRequest, channelNames []string) error

	//setMsgStreams, send drop partition into dd channel
	SendDdDropPartitionReq func(ctx context.Context, req *internalpb.DropPartitionRequest, channelNames []string) error

	// if rootcoord create segment, datacoord will put segment msg into this channel
	DataCoordSegmentChan <-chan *ms.MsgPack

	// if segment flush completed, data node would put segment msg into this channel
	DataNodeFlushedSegmentChan <-chan *ms.MsgPack

	//get binlog file path from data service,
	CallGetBinlogFilePathsService func(segID typeutil.UniqueID, fieldID typeutil.UniqueID) ([]string, error)
	CallGetNumRowsService         func(segID typeutil.UniqueID, isFromFlushedChan bool) (int64, error)

	//call index builder's client to build index, return build id
	CallBuildIndexService func(ctx context.Context, binlog []string, field *schemapb.FieldSchema, idxInfo *etcdpb.IndexInfo) (typeutil.UniqueID, error)
	CallDropIndexService  func(ctx context.Context, indexID typeutil.UniqueID) error

	NewProxyClient func(sess *sessionutil.Session) (types.Proxy, error)

	//query service interface, notify query service to release collection
	CallReleaseCollectionService func(ctx context.Context, ts typeutil.Timestamp, dbID typeutil.UniqueID, collectionID typeutil.UniqueID) error

	//dd request scheduler
	ddReqQueue chan reqTask //dd request will be push into this chan

	//dml channels
	dmlChannels *dmlChannels

	//Proxy manager
	proxyManager *proxyManager

	// proxy clients
	proxyClientManager *proxyClientManager

	// channel timetick
	chanTimeTick *timetickSync

	//time tick loop
	lastTimeTick typeutil.Timestamp

	//states code
	stateCode atomic.Value

	//call once
	initOnce  sync.Once
	startOnce sync.Once
	//isInit    atomic.Value

	session     *sessionutil.Session
	sessCloseCh <-chan bool

	msFactory ms.Factory
}
```


#### 10.5 Data definition Request Scheduler

###### 10.5.1 Task

RootCoord receives data definition requests via grpc. Each request (described by a proto) will be wrapped as a task for further scheduling. The task interface is

```go
type reqTask interface {
	Ctx() context.Context
	Type() commonpb.MsgType
	Execute(ctx context.Context) error
	WaitToFinish() error
	Notify(err error)
}
```

A task example is as follows. In this example, we wrap a CreateCollectionRequest (a proto) as a createCollectionTask. The wrapper need to implement task interfaces.

``` go
type CreateCollectionReqTask struct {
	baseReqTask
	Req *milvuspb.CreateCollectionRequest
}

// Task interfaces
func (t *CreateCollectionReqTask) Ctx() context.Context
func (t *CreateCollectionReqTask) Type() commonpb.MsgType
func (t *CreateCollectionReqTask) Execute(ctx context.Context) error
func (t *CreateCollectionReqTask) WaitToFinish() error
func (t *CreateCollectionReqTask) Notify(err error)
```

In most cases, a data definition task need to

* update system's meta data (via $metaTable$),
* send `DD Message` into related `DML MsgStream`, so that the `Data Node` and `Query Node` would take it 


#### 10.6 Meta Table

###### 10.6.1 Meta

* Tenant Meta

```protobuf
message TenantMeta {
  uint64 id = 1;
  uint64 num_query_nodes = 2;
  repeated string insert_channel_names = 3;
  string query_channel_name = 4;
}
```

* Proxy Meta

``` protobuf
message ProxyMeta {
  uint64 id = 1;
  common.Address address = 2;
  repeated string result_channel_names = 3;
}
```

* Collection Meta

```protobuf
message PartitionInfo {
  string partition_name = 1;
  int64 partitionID = 2;
  repeated int64 segmentIDs = 3;
}

message IndexInfo {
  string index_name = 1;
  int64 indexID = 2;
  repeated common.KeyValuePair index_params = 3;
}

message FieldIndexInfo{
  int64 filedID = 1;
  int64 indexID = 2;
}

message CollectionInfo {
  int64 ID = 1;
  schema.CollectionSchema schema = 2;
  uint64 create_time = 3;
  repeated int64 partitionIDs = 4;
  repeated FieldIndexInfo field_indexes = 5;
  repeated string virtual_channel_names = 6;
  repeated string physical_channel_names = 7;
}
```

* Segment Meta

```protobuf
message SegmentIndexInfo {
  int64 segmentID = 1;
  int64 fieldID = 2;
  int64 indexID = 3;
  int64 buildID = 4;
  bool enable_index = 5;
}
```

###### 10.6.2 KV pairs in EtcdKV

```go
"tenant/$tenantId" string -> tenantMetaBlob string
"proxy/$proxyId" string -> proxyMetaBlob string
"collection/$collectionId" string -> collectionInfoBlob string
"partition/$collectionId/$partitionId" string -> partitionInfoBlob string
"index/$collectionId/$indexId" string -> IndexInfoBlob string
"segment-index/$collectionId/$indexId/$partitionId/$segmentId" -> segmentIndexInfoBlog string
```

Note that *tenantId*, *proxyId*, *collectionId*, *partitionId*, *indexId*, *segmentId* are unique strings converted from int64.

*tenantMetaBlob*, *proxyMetaBlob*, *collectionInfoBlob*, *partitionInfoBlob*, *IndexInfoBlob*, *segmentIndexInfoBlog* are serialized protos.


###### 10.6.3 Meta Table

```go
type metaTable struct {
	client             kv.SnapShotKV
	tenantID2Meta      map[typeutil.UniqueID]pb.TenantMeta
	proxyID2Meta       map[typeutil.UniqueID]pb.ProxyMeta
	collID2Meta        map[typeutil.UniqueID]pb.CollectionInfo
	collName2ID        map[string]typeutil.UniqueID
	partitionID2Meta   map[typeutil.UniqueID]pb.PartitionInfo
	segID2IndexMeta    map[typeutil.UniqueID]*map[typeutil.UniqueID]pb.SegmentIndexInfo
	indexID2Meta       map[typeutil.UniqueID]pb.IndexInfo
	segID2CollID       map[typeutil.UniqueID]typeutil.UniqueID
	segID2PartitionID  map[typeutil.UniqueID]typeutil.UniqueID
	flushedSegID       map[typeutil.UniqueID]bool
	partitionID2CollID map[typeutil.UniqueID]typeutil.UniqueID
	vChan2Chan         map[string]string

	tenantLock sync.RWMutex
	proxyLock  sync.RWMutex
	ddLock     sync.RWMutex
}

func NewMetaTable(kv kv.SnapShotKV) (*metaTable, error)

func (mt *metaTable) AddTenant(te *pb.TenantMeta) (typeutil.Timestamp, error)
func (mt *metaTable) AddProxy(po *pb.ProxyMeta) (typeutil.Timestamp, error)
func (mt *metaTable) AddCollection(coll *pb.CollectionInfo, part *pb.PartitionInfo, idx []*pb.IndexInfo, ddOpStr func(ts typeutil.Timestamp) (string, error)) (typeutil.Timestamp, error)
func (mt *metaTable) DeleteCollection(collID typeutil.UniqueID, ddOpStr func(ts typeutil.Timestamp) (string, error)) (typeutil.Timestamp, error)
func (mt *metaTable) HasCollection(collID typeutil.UniqueID, ts typeutil.Timestamp) bool
func (mt *metaTable) GetCollectionByID(collectionID typeutil.UniqueID, ts typeutil.Timestamp) (*pb.CollectionInfo, error)
func (mt *metaTable) GetCollectionByName(collectionName string, ts typeutil.Timestamp) (*pb.CollectionInfo, error)
func (mt *metaTable) GetCollectionBySegmentID(segID typeutil.UniqueID) (*pb.CollectionInfo, error)
func (mt *metaTable) ListCollections(ts typeutil.Timestamp) (map[string]typeutil.UniqueID, error)
func (mt *metaTable) ListCollectionVirtualChannels() []string
func (mt *metaTable) ListCollectionPhysicalChannels() []string
func (mt *metaTable) AddPartition(collID typeutil.UniqueID, partitionName string, partitionID typeutil.UniqueID, ddOpStr func(ts typeutil.Timestamp) (string, error)) (typeutil.Timestamp, error)
func (mt *metaTable) GetPartitionByName(collID typeutil.UniqueID, partitionName string, ts typeutil.Timestamp) (pb.PartitionInfo, error)
func (mt *metaTable) HasPartition(collID typeutil.UniqueID, partitionName string, ts typeutil.Timestamp) bool
func (mt *metaTable) DeletePartition(collID typeutil.UniqueID, partitionName string, ddOpStr func(ts typeutil.Timestamp) (string, error)) (typeutil.Timestamp, typeutil.UniqueID, error)
func (mt *metaTable) GetPartitionByID(collID typeutil.UniqueID, partitionID typeutil.UniqueID, ts typeutil.Timestamp) (pb.PartitionInfo, error)
func (mt *metaTable) AddSegment(segInfos []*datapb.SegmentInfo, msgStartPos string, msgEndPos string) (typeutil.Timestamp, error)
func (mt *metaTable) AddIndex(segIdxInfos []*pb.SegmentIndexInfo, msgStartPos string, msgEndPos string) (typeutil.Timestamp, error)
func (mt *metaTable) DropIndex(collName, fieldName, indexName string) (typeutil.Timestamp, typeutil.UniqueID, bool, error)
func (mt *metaTable) GetSegmentIndexInfoByID(segID typeutil.UniqueID, filedID int64, idxName string) (pb.SegmentIndexInfo, error)
func (mt *metaTable) GetFieldSchema(collName string, fieldName string) (schemapb.FieldSchema, error)
func (mt *metaTable) IsSegmentIndexed(segID typeutil.UniqueID, fieldSchema *schemapb.FieldSchema, indexParams []*commonpb.KeyValuePair) bool
func (mt *metaTable) GetNotIndexedSegments(collName string, fieldName string, idxInfo *pb.IndexInfo) ([]typeutil.UniqueID, schemapb.FieldSchema, error)
func (mt *metaTable) GetIndexByName(collName, indexName string) (pb.CollectionInfo, []pb.IndexInfo, error)
func (mt *metaTable) GetIndexByID(indexID typeutil.UniqueID) (*pb.IndexInfo, error)
func (mt *metaTable) AddFlushedSegment(segID typeutil.UniqueID) error
```

* *metaTable* maintains meta both in memory and *etcdKV*. It keeps meta's consistency in both sides. All its member functions may be called concurrently.
 
* for *HasCollection*, *GetCollectionByID*, *GetCollectionByName*, *ListCollections*, if the argument of `ts` is none-zero, then *metaTable* would return the meta on the timestamp of `ts`; if `ts` is zero, *metaTable* would return the lastest meta



#### 10.7 System Time Synchronization

<img src="./figs/root_coord_time_sync.png">

```go
type timetickSync struct {
	core          *Core
	lock          sync.Mutex
	proxyTimeTick map[typeutil.UniqueID]*channelTimeTickMsg
	sendChan      chan map[typeutil.UniqueID]*channelTimeTickMsg
}

func newTimeTickSync(core *Core) *timetickSync

func (t *timetickSync) UpdateTimeTick(in *internalpb.ChannelTimeTickMsg) error
func (t *timetickSync) AddProxy(sess *sessionutil.Session)
func (t *timetickSync) DelProxy(sess *sessionutil.Session)
func (t *timetickSync) GetProxy(sess []*sessionutil.Session)
func (t *timetickSync) StartWatch()
func (t *timetickSync) SendChannelTimeTick(chanName string, ts typeutil.Timestamp) error
func (t *timetickSync) GetProxyNum()
func (t *timetickSync) GetChanNum() int 
```