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de7901121f
milvus/go.mod
shaoting-huang de7901121f
Upgrade go from 1.20 to 1.21 (#33047) 
Signed-off-by: shaoting-huang [shaoting-huang@zilliz.com]

issue: https://github.com/milvus-io/milvus/issues/32982

# Background
Go 1.21 introduces several improvements and changes over Go 1.20, which
is quite stable now. According to
[Go 1.21 Release Notes](https://tip.golang.org/doc/go1.21), the big
difference of Go 1.21 is enabling Profile-Guided Optimization by
default, which can improve performance by around 2-14%. Here are the
summary steps of PGO:
1. Build Initial Binary (Without PGO)
2. Deploying the Production Environment
3. Run the program and collect Performance Analysis Data (CPU pprof)
4. Analyze the Collected Data and Select a Performance Profile for PGO
5. Place the Performance Analysis File in the Main Package Directory and
Name It default.pgo
6. go build Detects the default.pgo File and Enables PGO
7. Build and Release the Updated Binary (With PGO)
8. Iterate and Repeat the Above Steps
<img width="657" alt="Screenshot 2024-05-14 at 15 57 01"
src="https://github.com/milvus-io/milvus/assets/167743503/b08d4300-0be1-44dc-801f-ce681dabc581">

# What does this PR do
There are three experiments, search benchmark by Zilliz test platform,
search benchmark by open-source
[VectorDBBench](https://github.com/zilliztech/VectorDBBench?tab=readme-ov-file),
and search benchmark with PGO. We do both search benchmarks by Zilliz
test platform and by VectorDBBench to reduce reliance on a single
experimental result. Besides, we validate the performance enhancement
with PGO.

## Search Benchmark Report by Zilliz Test Platform
An upgrade to Go 1.21 was conducted on a Milvus Standalone server,
equipped with 16 CPUs and 64GB of memory. The search performance was
evaluated using a 1 million entry local dataset with an L2 metric type
in a 768-dimensional space. The system was tested for concurrent
searches with 50 concurrent tasks for 1 hour, each with a 20-second
interval. The reason for using one server rather than two servers to
compare is to guarantee the same data source and same segment state
after compaction.

Test Sequence:
1. Go 1.20 Initial Run: Insert data, build index, load index, and
search.
2. Go 1.20 Rebuild: Rebuild the index with the same dataset, load index,
and search.
3. Go 1.21 Load: Upload to Go 1.21 within the server. Then load the
index from the second run, and search.
4. Go 1.21 Rebuild: Rebuild the index with the same dataset, load index,
and search.

Search Metrics: 
| Metric | Go 1.20 | Go 1.20 Rebuild Index | Go 1.21 | Go 1.21 Rebuild
Index |

|----------------------------|------------------|-----------------|------------------|-----------------|
| `search requests` | 10,942,683 | 16,131,726 | 16,200,887 | 16,331,052
|
| `search fails` | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| `search RT_avg` (ms) | 16.44 | 11.15 | 11.11 | 11.02 |
| `search RT_min` (ms) | 1.30 | 1.28 | 1.31 | 1.26 |
| `search RT_max` (ms) | 446.61 | 233.22 | 235.90 | 147.93 |
| `search TP50` (ms) | 11.74 | 10.46 | 10.43 | 10.35 |
| `search TP99` (ms) | 92.30 | 25.76 | 25.36 | 25.23 |
| `search RPS` | 3,039 | 4,481 | 4,500 | 4,536 |

### Key Findings
The benchmark tests reveal that the index build time with Go 1.20 at
340.39 ms and Go 1.21 at 337.60 ms demonstrated negligible performance
variance in index construction. However, Go 1.21 offers slightly better
performance in search operations compared to Go 1.20, with improvements
in handling concurrent tasks and reducing response times.

## Search Benchmark Report By VectorDb Bench
Follow
[VectorDBBench](https://github.com/zilliztech/VectorDBBench?tab=readme-ov-file)
to create a VectorDb Bench test for Go 1.20 and Go 1.21. We test the
search performance with Go 1.20 and Go 1.21 (without PGO) on the Milvus
Standalone system. The tests were conducted using the Cohere dataset
with 1 million entries in a 768-dimensional space, utilizing the COSINE
metric type.

Search Metrics: 
Metric | Go 1.20 | Go 1.21 without PGO
-- | -- | --
Load Duration (seconds) | 1195.95 | 976.37
Queries Per Second (QPS) | 841.62 | 875.89
99th Percentile Serial Latency (seconds) | 0.0047 | 0.0076
Recall | 0.9487 | 0.9489

### Key Findings
Go 1.21 indicates faster index loading times and larger search QPS
handling.

## PGO Performance Test
Milvus has already added
[net/http/pprof](https://pkg.go.dev/net/http/pprof) in the metrics. So
we can curl the CPU profile directly by running
`curl -o default.pgo
"http://${MILVUS_SERVER_IP}:${MILVUS_SERVER_PORT}/debug/pprof/profile?seconds=${TIME_SECOND}"`
to collect the profile as the default.pgo during the first search. Then
I build Milvus with PGO and use the same index to run the search again.
The result is as below:

Search Metrics
| Metric | Go 1.21 Without PGO | Go 1.21 With PGO | Change (%) |

|---------------------------------------------|------------------|-----------------|------------|
| `search Requests` | 2,644,583 | 2,837,726 | +7.30% |
| `search Fails` | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| `search RT_avg` (ms) | 11.34 | 10.57 | -6.78% |
| `search RT_min` (ms) | 1.39 | 1.32 | -5.18% |
| `search RT_max` (ms) | 349.72 | 143.72 | -58.91% |
| `search TP50` (ms) | 10.57 | 9.93 | -6.05% |
| `search TP99` (ms) | 26.14 | 24.16 | -7.56% |
| `search RPS`                 | 4,407       | 4,729       | +7.30%    |

### Key Findings
PGO led to a notable enhancement in search performance, particularly in
reducing the maximum response time by 58% and increasing the search QPS
by 7.3%.

### Further Analysis
Generate a diff flame graphs between two CPU profiles by running `go
tool pprof -http=:8000 -diff_base nopgo.pgo pgo.pgo -normalize`

<img width="1894" alt="goprofiling"
src="https://github.com/milvus-io/milvus/assets/167743503/ab9e91eb-95c7-4963-acd9-d1c3c73ee010">
Further insight of HnswIndexNode and Milvus Search Handler
<img width="1906" alt="hnsw"
src="https://github.com/milvus-io/milvus/assets/167743503/a04cf4a0-7c97-4451-b3cf-98afc20a0b05">
<img width="1873" alt="search_handler"
src="https://github.com/milvus-io/milvus/assets/167743503/5f4d3982-18dd-4115-8e76-460f7f534c7f">

After applying PGO to the Milvus server, the CPU utilization of the
faiss::fvec_L2 function has decreased. This optimization significantly
enhances the performance of the
[HnswIndexNode::Search::searchKnn](e0c9c41aa2/src/index/hnsw/hnsw.cc (L203))
method, which is frequently invoked by Knowhere during high-concurrency
searches. As the explanation from Go release notes, the function might
be more aggressively inlined by Go compiler during the second build with
the CPU profiling collected from the first run. As a result, the search
handler efficiency within Milvus DataNode has improved, allowing the
server to process a higher number of search queries per second (QPS).



# Conclusion
The combination of Go 1.21 and PGO has led to substantial enhancements
in search performance for Milvus server, particularly in terms of search
QPS and response times, making it more efficient for handling
high-concurrency search operations.

Signed-off-by: shaoting-huang <shaoting.huang@zilliz.com>
2024-05-22 13:21:39 +08:00

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module github.com/milvus-io/milvus
go 1.21
require (
github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/azcore v1.7.0
github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/azidentity v1.3.0
github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/internal v1.3.0 // indirect
github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/storage/azblob v1.1.0
github.com/aliyun/credentials-go v1.2.7
github.com/antlr/antlr4/runtime/Go/antlr v0.0.0-20210826220005-b48c857c3a0e
github.com/apache/arrow/go/v12 v12.0.1
github.com/apache/pulsar-client-go v0.6.1-0.20210728062540-29414db801a7
github.com/bits-and-blooms/bloom/v3 v3.0.1
github.com/blang/semver/v4 v4.0.0
github.com/casbin/casbin/v2 v2.44.2
github.com/casbin/json-adapter/v2 v2.0.0
github.com/cockroachdb/errors v1.9.1
github.com/containerd/cgroups/v3 v3.0.3 // indirect
github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.9.1
github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.14.0
github.com/gofrs/flock v0.8.1
github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2
github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4
github.com/google/btree v1.1.2
github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-middleware v1.3.0
github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.7
github.com/mgutz/ansi v0.0.0-20200706080929-d51e80ef957d
github.com/milvus-io/milvus-proto/go-api/v2 v2.3.4-0.20240430035521-259ae1d10016
github.com/minio/minio-go/v7 v7.0.61
github.com/pingcap/log v1.1.1-0.20221015072633-39906604fb81
github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.14.0
github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.3.0
github.com/prometheus/common v0.42.0
github.com/quasilyte/go-ruleguard/dsl v0.3.22
github.com/samber/lo v1.27.0
github.com/sbinet/npyio v0.6.0
github.com/soheilhy/cmux v0.1.5
github.com/spf13/cast v1.3.1
github.com/spf13/viper v1.8.1
github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4
github.com/tecbot/gorocksdb v0.0.0-20191217155057-f0fad39f321c
github.com/tencentcloud/tencentcloud-sdk-go/tencentcloud/common v1.0.865
github.com/tidwall/gjson v1.14.4
github.com/tikv/client-go/v2 v2.0.4
go.etcd.io/etcd/api/v3 v3.5.5
go.etcd.io/etcd/client/v3 v3.5.5
go.etcd.io/etcd/server/v3 v3.5.5
go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/google.golang.org/grpc/otelgrpc v0.38.0
go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.13.0
go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.13.0
go.uber.org/atomic v1.11.0
go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0
go.uber.org/zap v1.24.0
golang.org/x/crypto v0.22.0
golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230728194245-b0cb94b80691
golang.org/x/net v0.24.0
golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.8.0
golang.org/x/sync v0.5.0
golang.org/x/text v0.14.0
google.golang.org/grpc v1.57.1
google.golang.org/grpc/examples v0.0.0-20220617181431-3e7b97febc7f
)
require github.com/milvus-io/milvus-storage/go v0.0.0-20231227072638-ebd0b8e56d70
require (
github.com/jolestar/go-commons-pool/v2 v2.1.2
github.com/milvus-io/milvus/pkg v0.0.0-00010101000000-000000000000
github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1
gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1
)
require (
cloud.google.com/go/compute v1.20.1 // indirect
cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.2.3 // indirect
github.com/99designs/go-keychain v0.0.0-20191008050251-8e49817e8af4 // indirect
github.com/99designs/keyring v1.2.1 // indirect
github.com/AthenZ/athenz v1.10.39 // indirect
github.com/AzureAD/microsoft-authentication-library-for-go v1.0.0 // indirect
github.com/DataDog/zstd v1.5.0 // indirect
github.com/JohnCGriffin/overflow v0.0.0-20211019200055-46fa312c352c // indirect
github.com/Knetic/govaluate v3.0.1-0.20171022003610-9aa49832a739+incompatible // indirect
github.com/alibabacloud-go/debug v0.0.0-20190504072949-9472017b5c68 // indirect
github.com/alibabacloud-go/tea v1.1.8 // indirect
github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.0.4 // indirect
github.com/apache/thrift v0.18.1 // indirect
github.com/ardielle/ardielle-go v1.5.2 // indirect
github.com/benbjohnson/clock v1.1.0 // indirect
github.com/benesch/cgosymbolizer v0.0.0-20190515212042-bec6fe6e597b // indirect
github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.10.0 // indirect
github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.9.1 // indirect
github.com/campoy/embedmd v1.0.0 // indirect
github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.2.0 // indirect
github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0 // indirect
github.com/chenzhuoyu/base64x v0.0.0-20221115062448-fe3a3abad311 // indirect
github.com/cilium/ebpf v0.11.0 // indirect
github.com/cockroachdb/logtags v0.0.0-20211118104740-dabe8e521a4f // indirect
github.com/cockroachdb/redact v1.1.3 // indirect
github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go v1.9.1 // indirect
github.com/coreos/go-semver v0.3.0 // indirect
github.com/coreos/go-systemd/v22 v22.3.2 // indirect
github.com/cznic/mathutil v0.0.0-20181122101859-297441e03548 // indirect
github.com/danieljoos/wincred v1.1.2 // indirect
github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc // indirect
github.com/dgryski/go-farm v0.0.0-20190423205320-6a90982ecee2 // indirect
github.com/docker/go-units v0.4.0 // indirect
github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.1 // indirect
github.com/dvsekhvalnov/jose2go v1.6.0 // indirect
github.com/expr-lang/expr v1.15.7 // indirect
github.com/facebookgo/ensure v0.0.0-20200202191622-63f1cf65ac4c // indirect
github.com/facebookgo/stack v0.0.0-20160209184415-751773369052 // indirect
github.com/facebookgo/subset v0.0.0-20200203212716-c811ad88dec4 // indirect
github.com/form3tech-oss/jwt-go v3.2.3+incompatible // indirect
github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.4.9 // indirect
github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.2 // indirect
github.com/getsentry/sentry-go v0.12.0 // indirect
github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0 // indirect
github.com/go-logr/logr v1.3.0 // indirect
github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 // indirect
github.com/go-ole/go-ole v1.2.6 // indirect
github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.1 // indirect
github.com/go-playground/universal-translator v0.18.1 // indirect
github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.2 // indirect
github.com/godbus/dbus v0.0.0-20190726142602-4481cbc300e2 // indirect
github.com/godbus/dbus/v5 v5.0.4 // indirect
github.com/golang-jwt/jwt v3.2.2+incompatible // indirect
github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.0 // indirect
github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.4 // indirect
github.com/google/flatbuffers v2.0.8+incompatible // indirect
github.com/google/uuid v1.3.0 // indirect
github.com/gorilla/websocket v1.4.2 // indirect
github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-prometheus v1.2.0 // indirect
github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway v1.16.0 // indirect
github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.7.0 // indirect
github.com/gsterjov/go-libsecret v0.0.0-20161001094733-a6f4afe4910c // indirect
github.com/hashicorp/hcl v1.0.0 // indirect
github.com/ianlancetaylor/cgosymbolizer v0.0.0-20221217025313-27d3c9f66b6a // indirect
github.com/jonboulle/clockwork v0.2.2 // indirect
github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
github.com/klauspost/asmfmt v1.3.2 // indirect
github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.5 // indirect
github.com/kr/pretty v0.3.1 // indirect
github.com/kr/text v0.2.0 // indirect
github.com/kylelemons/godebug v1.1.0 // indirect
github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.2.4 // indirect
github.com/linkedin/goavro/v2 v2.11.1 // indirect
github.com/lufia/plan9stats v0.0.0-20211012122336-39d0f177ccd0 // indirect
github.com/magiconair/properties v1.8.5 // indirect
github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.11 // indirect
github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.19 // indirect
github.com/matttproud/golang_protobuf_extensions v1.0.4 // indirect
github.com/minio/asm2plan9s v0.0.0-20200509001527-cdd76441f9d8 // indirect
github.com/minio/c2goasm v0.0.0-20190812172519-36a3d3bbc4f3 // indirect
github.com/minio/highwayhash v1.0.2 // indirect
github.com/minio/md5-simd v1.1.2 // indirect
github.com/minio/sha256-simd v1.0.1 // indirect
github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.4.1 // indirect
github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
github.com/mtibben/percent v0.2.1 // indirect
github.com/nats-io/jwt/v2 v2.5.5 // indirect
github.com/nats-io/nats-server/v2 v2.10.12 // indirect
github.com/nats-io/nats.go v1.34.1 // indirect
github.com/nats-io/nkeys v0.4.7 // indirect
github.com/nats-io/nuid v1.0.1 // indirect
github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec v1.0.2 // indirect
github.com/opentracing/opentracing-go v1.2.0 // indirect
github.com/panjf2000/ants/v2 v2.7.2 // indirect
github.com/pelletier/go-toml v1.9.3 // indirect
github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.0.8 // indirect
github.com/petermattis/goid v0.0.0-20180202154549-b0b1615b78e5 // indirect
github.com/pierrec/lz4 v2.5.2+incompatible // indirect
github.com/pierrec/lz4/v4 v4.1.18 // indirect
github.com/pingcap/errors v0.11.5-0.20211224045212-9687c2b0f87c // indirect
github.com/pingcap/failpoint v0.0.0-20210918120811-547c13e3eb00 // indirect
github.com/pingcap/goleveldb v0.0.0-20191226122134-f82aafb29989 // indirect
github.com/pingcap/kvproto v0.0.0-20221129023506-621ec37aac7a // indirect
github.com/pkg/browser v0.0.0-20210911075715-681adbf594b8 // indirect
github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.1-0.20181226105442-5d4384ee4fb2 // indirect
github.com/power-devops/perfstat v0.0.0-20210106213030-5aafc221ea8c // indirect
github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.9.0 // indirect
github.com/remyoudompheng/bigfft v0.0.0-20230129092748-24d4a6f8daec // indirect
github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.10.0 // indirect
github.com/rs/xid v1.5.0 // indirect
github.com/sasha-s/go-deadlock v0.3.1 // indirect
github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v3 v3.22.9 // indirect
github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3 // indirect
github.com/spaolacci/murmur3 v1.1.0 // indirect
github.com/spf13/afero v1.6.0 // indirect
github.com/spf13/jwalterweatherman v1.1.0 // indirect
github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5 // indirect
github.com/stathat/consistent v1.0.0 // indirect
github.com/streamnative/pulsarctl v0.5.0 // indirect
github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.0 // indirect
github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.2.0 // indirect
github.com/tiancaiamao/gp v0.0.0-20221230034425-4025bc8a4d4a // indirect
github.com/tidwall/match v1.1.1 // indirect
github.com/tidwall/pretty v1.2.0 // indirect
github.com/tikv/pd/client v0.0.0-20221031025758-80f0d8ca4d07 // indirect
github.com/tklauser/go-sysconf v0.3.10 // indirect
github.com/tklauser/numcpus v0.4.0 // indirect
github.com/tmc/grpc-websocket-proxy v0.0.0-20201229170055-e5319fda7802 // indirect
github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1 // indirect
github.com/twmb/murmur3 v1.1.3 // indirect
github.com/uber/jaeger-client-go v2.30.0+incompatible // indirect
github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.11 // indirect
github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4 // indirect
github.com/xiang90/probing v0.0.0-20190116061207-43a291ad63a2 // indirect
github.com/yusufpapurcu/wmi v1.2.2 // indirect
github.com/zeebo/xxh3 v1.0.2 // indirect
go.etcd.io/bbolt v1.3.6 // indirect
go.etcd.io/etcd/client/pkg/v3 v3.5.5 // indirect
go.etcd.io/etcd/client/v2 v2.305.5 // indirect
go.etcd.io/etcd/pkg/v3 v3.5.5 // indirect
go.etcd.io/etcd/raft/v3 v3.5.5 // indirect
go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/jaeger v1.13.0 // indirect
go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/internal/retry v1.13.0 // indirect
go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.13.0 // indirect
go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc v1.13.0 // indirect
go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/stdout/stdouttrace v1.13.0 // indirect
go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v0.35.0 // indirect
go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.13.0 // indirect
go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v0.19.0 // indirect
go.uber.org/automaxprocs v1.5.3 // indirect
golang.org/x/arch v0.3.0 // indirect
golang.org/x/mod v0.14.0 // indirect
golang.org/x/sys v0.19.0 // indirect
golang.org/x/term v0.19.0 // indirect
golang.org/x/time v0.5.0 // indirect
golang.org/x/tools v0.16.1 // indirect
golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20220907171357-04be3eba64a2 // indirect
gonum.org/v1/gonum v0.11.0 // indirect
google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.7 // indirect
google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20230706204954-ccb25ca9f130 // indirect
google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20230629202037-9506855d4529 // indirect
google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240401170217-c3f982113cda // indirect
google.golang.org/protobuf v1.33.0 // indirect
gopkg.in/inf.v0 v0.9.1 // indirect
gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0 // indirect
gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.0.0 // indirect
gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
k8s.io/apimachinery v0.28.6 // indirect
sigs.k8s.io/yaml v1.3.0 // indirect
)
replace (
github.com/apache/pulsar-client-go => github.com/milvus-io/pulsar-client-go v0.6.10
github.com/bketelsen/crypt => github.com/bketelsen/crypt v0.0.4 // Fix security alert for core-os/etcd
github.com/expr-lang/expr => github.com/SimFG/expr v0.0.0-20231218130003-94d085776dc5
github.com/go-kit/kit => github.com/go-kit/kit v0.1.0
// github.com/milvus-io/milvus-storage/go => ../milvus-storage/go
github.com/milvus-io/milvus/pkg => ./pkg
github.com/streamnative/pulsarctl => github.com/xiaofan-luan/pulsarctl v0.5.1
github.com/tecbot/gorocksdb => github.com/milvus-io/gorocksdb v0.0.0-20220624081344-8c5f4212846b // indirect
)
exclude github.com/apache/pulsar-client-go/oauth2 v0.0.0-20211108044248-fe3b7c4e445b
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